ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE
PROJECT WORK, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW. THANK YOU!
TO GET THE FULL
PROJECT FOR THE TOPIC BELOW PLEASE CALL:
08068231953,
08168759420
TO GET MORE PROJECT
TOPICS IN YOUR DEPARTMENT, PLEASE VISIT:
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN INVERTER
ABSTRACT
An inverter is an electronic device
that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) the
converted Ac can be at any required voltage and frequency with the use of
appropriate transformers, switching and control circuit. It’s simple put, is an
electronic box that makes household electricity for everyday items. It
converts power from eg car batteries, windmills, solar panels or fuel cells,
then turns it into normal household power. That is, supply AC power from
DC source. Solid state inverters have no
moving parts and are used in a wide range of applications, from small switching
power supplies in computers, to large electric utility high voltage direct
current applications that transport bulk power. The Inverter performs the
opposite function at a rectifier. There is one more thing you need to be
very careful about that is, do you want clean or dirty electricity? What I mean
here is that there are two types of electricity that inverters can
produce. Pure sine wave Inverters and Modified sine wave Inverters. The
difference is that pure sine wave matches the power to that of which you get
from you electricity supplier, its clean and you can run any appliances safely
even sensitive equipment. Modified sine wave is dirty power, you can use this
to power a lot of things that don’t have sensitive electronics. Kettle
for example fridges, cookers, hot plates etc. You cannot run led lighting on
these Inverters as they over head and die within a couple of hours. You have to
be careful with some Tvs PCs as they do n like it either, but I have heard that
lot of people use them for this with no problems, but I like to be safe, rather
than sorry.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
ONE
Introduction
CHAPTER
TWO
Transformer
Fundamentals
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1 Description Of
Components
3.2
Capacitors
3.2.1 Types of
Capacitor
3.3 Semi-Conductor
Diode
3.4 Transistors
3.4.1
Bipolar Transistor
3.5
Field Effect Transistor (FET)
CHAPTER
FOUR
Operation
and Design Consideration
4.1
Features of the
Device
4.1.1
Supply Unit
4.1.2
Inverter Unit
4.1.3
Stepup Transformer Unit
4.1.4
Triggering or Switching Unit
4.2
Design
4.2.1
Required Specification
4.2.2
Triggering or Switching Circuit
4.2.3
Buffer Stage
4.2.4
Transformer Turns Ratio
CHAPTER
FIVE: CONSTRUCTION
PROCEDURE AND TESTING
5.1
Casing and Packaging
CHAPTER
SIX:
ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
6.1
Testing of System Operation
CHAPTER
SEVEN: INSTALLATION OF COMPLETED
DESIGN
List,
Quantity And Prizes Of Components Used
Conclusion
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
All modern engineering system includes certain aspects of control system at
some point in their broadcast scenes, control engineering and the associated
theory are concerned with the means of making system to behave in a desired
may.
The system on this thesis is a DC – AC inverter which is an apparatus used in
the conversion of direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).
In our country today, this equipment is not all that in use not because it is
not important but because people never give it a thought as per the
construction and design.
It is meant for use with a 12volts lead acid battery of it’s in a car for
example a suitable output voltage of 240volts AC obtainable.
This output voltage of 240volts AC can be used for powering small electrical
appliances such as lights, electrical tools radio, soldering iron, fan etc.
However, it is with mentioning that the DC generated with this appliance is
nothing comparable to the AC generated by big generation duration. This appliance
is therefore suitable for short time replacement for the real AC generation
especially in the remote areas and it is install where electrical appliances
are sold and the need might arise for it to be tested and certified good.
Another main area where this equipment can be of great utility is in
communication system. In a situation where there is a constant AC power supply
failure example in offices DC – AC inverter is needed and such cases, inverter
can be used as a source of light.
Most industries in the country do not make use of DC – AC inverter because
there are through to be costly with respect to the task they perform. However,
putting into consideration the task, this appliance can perform. It can be
concluded that it is cheaper. The construction is simple, cheaper, easy to
operate and portable. The usefulness of this device and the function cannot be
over emphasized especially now that our country is passing through a very
sensitive era in our power generating Authority (NEPA) has been dubbed NEVER
EXPECT POWER ALWAYS. In these times when control and monitor of complex field
operations have based in computer, a failure of AC, power supply to
communication equipment means work stoppage and to some small scale industries
a lot of economic and materials losses is avoidable.
Inverters come in different types. Examples
Modified sine wave, pure sine wave and
grid tie inverter are:
Modified Sine Wave: The
output of a modified sine wave inverter is similar to square wave output except
that the output goes to zero Volts for a time before switching positive or
negative. It is simple and low cost, also it’s compatible with most electronic
devices, except for sensitive or specialized equipment for example certain
laser printers, fluorescent lighting, audio equipment. Most AC motors
will run off this power source about at a reduction inefficiency of
approximately 20%.
A pure sine wave inverter produces a nearly perfect sine wave output (<3%
total harmonic distortion) that is essentially the same as utility –supplied
grid power. Thus it is compatible with all AC electronic devices.
This is the type used in grid tie inverts. Its design is more complex, and
costs more per unit power. The electrical inverter is a high power electronic
oscillator. It is so named because early mechanical AC to PC converters
were made to work in reserve and thus were “inverted” to convert DC to AC.
A grid tie inverter is a sine wave inverter designed to inject electricity into
the electric power distribution system. Such inverter must synchronise
with the frequency of the grid. They usually contain one or more maximum
power point tracking features to extract the maximum amount of power, and also
include safety features.
APPLICATIONS
DC Power Source Utilization
Inverter designed to provide 115 VAC
from the 12 VDC source provided in an automobile. The unit shown provides
up to 1.2 amperes of alternating current, or enough to power two sixty watt
light bulbs.
Micro –inverter convert direct current
from individual solar panels into alternating current for the electric
grid. They are grid tie designs by default.
Uninterruptible Power
Supplies
An uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
uses batteries and an inverter to supply AC power when main power is not
available. When main power is restored, a rectified supplies DC power to
recharge the batteries.
Induction heating inverters convert low frequency main AC power to higher
frequency for use in induction heating. To do this, AC power is first
rectified to proved DC power. The inverter then charges the DC power to
high frequency AC power.
AFFILIATE LINKS:
Comments
Post a Comment