THE ROLE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN PUPILS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN IKPOBA OKHA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
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THE
ROLE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN PUPILS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF
SOME SELECTED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN IKPOBA OKHA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
This project work was
undertaken to survey the role of instructional materials in pupil’s academic
performance. In some selected primary school in Ikpoba Okha Local Government
Area, Edo State. to find solution to the problem which gave to undertaking the
survey q1uestionaire were raised to check the availability use and the attitude
of teachers towards the instructional materials in teaching in the selected
primary school in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. From the
findings, it was discovered that instructional materials in the teaching of
subjects so as to enhance the promotion of learning among pupils towards
improved yearly performance and daily use.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter One:
Introduction
Background of the
study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the
study
Research questions
Scope of the study
Limitation of the
study
Definition of terms
Chapter
Two
Literature Review
Chapter Three-
Methodology
Research design
Population of study
Sample and sampling
procedure
Instrument for data
collection
Validation of the
instrument
Reliability of data
collection
Method of data
collection
Method of data
analysis
Chapter
Four
Results on
observation and discussion of results
Chapter Five
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
Questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE
STUDY
Research
has proved beyond questions that learning is more effective when as many serve
as possible are used and of all the serve sight is powerful. The need,
therefore to present information to students visually as well as verbally is
now generally accepted. In school today, emphasis is laid on qualitative
and quantitative, curriculum contents techniques and methods of teaching of
qualified teachers with great increase in the number of school as well as
students enrolment is on increase, and the quality and quantity of teachers are
needed to match this increase in enrolment of students and in this regard.
Educational
technology cannot be rules out as an instructional innovation. According to
Broom and Thornton (1960) “The gradual shift towards the use of instructional
materials in education has been encouraged by increased availability of
effective appropriate and convenient materials, devices, machines and classroom
facilities designed for improving instruction. Throughout history, media and
technology for learning have influenced education. Recently, the computer has
invaded instructional settings such tills offer powerful possibilities for
improving the learning process.
The
use of instructional materials is necessary to supplement the available
instructional resources and qualified teachers. The current use of
instructional materials in Nigeria school is very low and unsatisfactory. The
following are ways instructional materials can contribute to qualitative
education.
1.
Instructional materials provides for the teachers tools to carryout creativity
in the minds of the students.
2.
Instructional materials makes learning process to be easy
3.
It helps the teacher to be able to stimulate pupils to learn.
STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
Statistics
has shown that most of our primary school teachers no longer make use of
instructional materials when teaching and this have a negative effect on the
teaching and by extension having negative effect on the academic performance of
the pupils. Some of these effects include, the pupils will not be able to
concretize the lesson that is been taught, they are unable to visualize what
the teacher is teaching because the pupils do not have a mental picture of what
the teacher is passing across to them. This makes the students to easily forget
what they have been taught in the school. without the use of instructional materials,
learning becomes boring to the pupils and they can easily lost interest when
there is nothing like instructional materials to motivate them to learn, so
whatever the teacher is teaching them, they cannot assimilate it easily. Again,
when instructional materials are not used when teaching, it makes the pupils to
be passive, they don’t have the chance to participate in class activities. They
mainly become passive listeners and this reduces their thinking ability and
they are unable to reason out things on their own. Statistics has also shown
that most primary schools lack these instructional materials in their schools
and also they lack trained teachers who know how to use these materials. it is
this lack of instructional materials in the teaching learning process that
prompted the researcher to investigate the role of instructional materials and
its effects on the performance of pupils in primary schools.
PURPOSE OF THE
STUDY
The objective of this research is stated as follows;
1.
To find out the type of instructional materials available in primary schools in
Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State.
2.
To determine the extent to which primary school teachers utilize instructional
materials.
3.
To determine the factors that militates against the use of instructional
materials in primary school.
4.
To find a lasting solution to the problems of instructional materials
availability and utilization in primary school.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.
Can the wrong use of instructional materials affect the academic performance of
pupils?
2.
What are the effects of instructional materials on the academic performance of
pupils?
3.
Does non-availability of instructional materials affects the performance of pupils?
4.
Does instructional materials have any role to play in the academic performance
of pupils?
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
The grindings of this research would be used for the following, firstly, the
findings of this research work will be used to enlighten primary school
teachers of the need to make use of audio materials in teaching and learning
process. Secondly, the findings of this research work would be used to
encourage the government and school management to provide instructional materials
for primary school. Thirdly, the findings of the research study would be used
to enlighten the school management of the need to enlighten the school
management of the need to provide in-service training and learning process.
Lastly, it would also prompt the government to organize seminars and workshops
to teach teachers on the use of instructional materials.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research study will cover ten randomly selected primary schools in Ikpoba
Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. the result obtained however, from the
analysis of data collected from this schools will be taken as a time
representation and reflection of the prevailing condition in all the primary
schools in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in particular and Edo State in
general.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Performance: The act
of doing something, either good or bad.
Process: A series of
things that are done in order to achi8eve a particular result.
Concretize: To make
something concrete.
Respondents: A person
who answer questions.
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