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IMPROVEMENT IN EGG PRODUCTION TRAITS
IN THE LIGHT LOCAL CHICKEN ECOTYPE USING A SELECTION INDEX
ABSTRACT
Fifty hens
and five cocks from a random mating population of light local chicken ecotype (LLCE)
were mated and the fertile eggs hatched to obtain the parent generation (G0)
used for this study aimed at improving egg production traits in the LLCE using
a selection index. The hens were monitored for short-term (90-days from first
day of lay) egg production traits
namely: Body
Weight at First Egg (BWFE), Average Egg Weight (AEW) and Total Egg Number
(TEN). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS (2001)
and paternal half-sib model with Harvey (1990) to estimate descriptive
statistics and genetic
parameters
respectively. These were employed in constructing the selection index.
Selection for all the selection criteria (BWFE, AEW and TEN) was in the
positive direction. Selected parents were mated to produce next generations –
G1 and G2. Selection differentials,
selection
intensities and genetic response due to selection were also estimated. A
control population which spanned for three generations (each generation had its
own control population) was used to monitor environmental changes and to
estimate the genetic changes due to selection.
There were
significant increases (P<0.05) in BWFE, AEW, and TEN in the
selected
populations over the three generations of study such significant increases
(P<0.05) were not observed in the control population. Heritability estimates
for all traits in all generations and populations were moderate to high. The
heritability of the index was also moderate. Such moderate to high heritability
estimates indicate high additive genetic variances, implying that these traits
were most passed on from the parents to their offspring.
Low to high
positive genetic and phenotypic correlations was observed between BWFE and AEW
in all populations of study. The genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation
between BWFE and EN, and between AEW and EN, was moderate to highly negative
for all generations and populations of study. A positive genetic correlation
was observed between
AEW and TEN
in G2 of the selected population. A cumulative selection differential of
269.38g,
1.58g and 3.88 eggs were obtained for BWFE, AEW and TEN respectively.
Selection
response for traits increased over the generations in a fairly linear manner.
Realized
response per generation was estimated to be 94.22g, 0.84g and 4.85eggs for
BWFE,
AEW and TEN
respectively. It is evident that the simultaneous inclusion of BWFE, AEW,
and TEN in a
selection index generally improved the performance of selected birds over the
generations
in the Light Local Chicken Ecotype.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER
THREE
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
References
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