INFLUENCE OF GALLIC ACID ON α-AMYLASE AND α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF ACARBOSE
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INFLUENCE OF GALLIC ACID ON α-AMYLASE
AND α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF ACARBOSE
ABSTRACT
Type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic progressive disease that has continued to
be a
global heath
and economic burden. Acarbose is an antidiabetic drug, which acts by inhibiting
alpha
amylase and alpha glucosidase; while gallic acid is a simple phenolic acid that
is
widespread
in plant foods and beverages such as tea and wine.This study therefore, sought
to investigate the influence of gallic acid on α-amylase and α-glucosidase
inhibitory and antioxidant properties of acarbose (in vitro). Aqueous solution
of acarbose and gallic acid were prepared to a final concentration of 25μM
each. Thereafter, mixtures of the samples (50% acarbose + 50% gallic acid; 75%
acarbose + 25% gallic acid; 25% acarbose + 75% gallic acid) were prepared.
The results
showed that the combination of 50% acarbose and 50% gallic acid showed the highest
α-glucosidase inhibitory effect, while 75% acarbose + 25% gallic acid showed
highest α- amylase inhibitory effect.
Furthermore,
all the samples caused the inhibition of Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation (in
vitro) in rat pancreatic tissue homogenate, with the combination of 50%
acarbose and 50% gallic acid causing the highest reduction in the
malondialdehyde content. In addition, all the samples showed antioxidant
properties (ferric reducing property, 2, 2′-azino-bis (-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6
sulphonate (ABTS*) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals
scavenging abilities, and Fe2+ chelating ability). Therefore, the combinations
of gallic acid with acarbose could be employed in the management of T2DM with
the comparative advantage of possible reduction of the side effects of
acarbose; nevertheless the combination of 50% acarbose and 50% gallic acid
seems the best combinatory therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER
THREE
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
References
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