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THE EFFECT
OF INDUSTRIAL ACTION ON THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
This study
was carried out to find out the effect of industrial action on the academic
achievement of students in colleges of education (a case study of Federal
College of Education Osiele, Abeokuta, Ogun State). This study adopted a
descriptive survey design with a study population of 100 students from Federal
College of Education, Abeokuta,Ogun State from which a sample size of 100
respondents was randomly selected using systematic random sampling technique.
The questionnaire was the main research instrument used for data collection,
while data was analysed using simple percentage counts. The findings revealed
that:
1. Strike is caused by irregularities of
lecturers salary
2. Lack of dialogue between government and
the workers.
All these
result to strike action, the effect of this strike action is usually decreased
in performance of students academic in tertiary institutions. This study
identified that industrial actions affects the student academic and demoralizes
the students for achieving their academic pursits. Industrial action leads
student to anti-social crimes such as armed Robbery, drug trafficking and it
expose female to unsafe sex which lead to pregnancy.Recommendation and
suggestions were that government should negotiate and between the workers to
resolve industrial action in tertiary institutions.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Industrial
action by the tertiary institution in Nigeria have had serious effect on the
Academic performance of students and also the educational development of our
Economy.
Strike
action could be trance back from the nationwide strike organised by the Academic
union of Universities (ASUU) in 1988, which was used to challenge the military
regime of General Ibrahim Babangida, General SanniAbacha (1994 and 1996) and
presidentOlusegunObasanjo after the return of Democracy in 1999.
The union
had use strike action to demand for fair wages, university autonomy and funding
of Nigeria universities etc.
Chijioke
(2013) sees strike as an organised work stoppage by a body of workers to
enforce compliance with demands made by an employers or a group of employers.
Fair work
Act (2009) sees industrial action as stoppage of work, work bans, lock-out and
the performance of work by an employee in a manner different from that in which
it is customarily performed.
Oxford
Dictionary learners sees industrial action as a process by which organisation
organised stopping of work by employers because of some agreement on wages and
salaries.
Disruptions
in Academic programs serve as non-motivational factors to the students. It
discourage them from learning. It is not surprising therefore that during
strike actions, most students are seen involved in diverse activities such as
sexual immorality, cyber scan, pool betting, unnecessary gossips, watching of
films and reading comic materials for entertainment purposes rather than reading
their book. The student regretted that the strike action caused
socio-psychological havocs in their lives leading to unwanted pregnancies and
involvement in crimes.
The Student
Union Government (SUG) president of Federal College of Education Technical OmokuRiver
States. Comrade Ekeakita Hector Chinem said further that strike is a total
failure and had caused more pains to students than what the management intended
to achieve he said the strike action
frustrated students, adding that more than 25% of their female counter parts
are carrying unwanted pregnancies, while some of the males are wasting in
police cells for various offences.
He was also
of the opinion that shame on the side of the Hon. Minister of state for
Education Chief Nyesomwike who was in change to Amicable resolve the striking
issue but failed to do so. As far as he was concerned it is an act of
wickedness with the level of unwanted pregnancies we have witnessed in my
campus. It essence the female student prostitution during the period of the
strike action.
The Student
Union Government (SUG) president of Federal College of Education Osiele,
Abeokuta Comrade IdowuMusiliu (AKA) Daniel said keeping the students out of
classroom for that long period shows that federal government has no feeling for
polytechnics sector.
According to
IyanuLeke (2013) a Business Education student of Federal College of Education
Akoka said many students in college of education are wasting away because of
the strike action. The government should consider the future of these
students.
Indeed the
strike action has affected the students negatively said Mr.Ogo Ebenezer, a
lecture of fine and Applied Art department and General secretary of college of
education Academic staff Union (COEASU) Akoka chapter.
College of
Education is regarded as the citadel of knowledge, the fountain of
intellectualism, the most appropriate ground for the incubation of leaders of
tomorrows.
Odubela
(2012) concluded that an effective learning or an enhanced academic performance
is achieve by successful covering of the course outline timely and before
examination. This is rarely achieved with strike action in place from the above
review therefore the researcher is of the view that disruption in academic
program as caused by strike action breeds disappointment, frustration,
Emotional and psychological trauma, unpreparedness on the part of the students
and lack of motivation, which sum up to non conductive environment for
effective learning in Nigerian Universities situation that dampens human
development. Presently education in Nigeria has not been able to achieve the
noble objective because it is the incessant of Academic staff union of
lecturers, industrial action which has often disrupted academic activities.
Many reason can be seen responsible for the incessant industrial action by the
union of lecture is contention between the federal govern (FG) and college of
education Academic staff union (COEASU) is the 2010 agreement, which the former
said the federal Government (FG) has refused to fully implement. These include
the non-integration and payment of peculiar learned allowance,
non-implementation of life insurance to families of decreased member and the
non-implementation of the retirement age of 65 in many states colleges of education.
The other
issue include poor of education nationwide, poor funding neglect of teachers
education, non accreditation of National certificate of Education programmes
(NCE) non-release of the white paper on visitation panel reports, and the
imposition of the integrated personnel and payroll information system.
The prominent among these problems is lack
of autonomy and dehumanizing working conditions in trying to find a lasting
solution to these problems, the commission set up by the federal government
should recommended in their report a 90% funding level for nest fifteen years
1992-2007.
The
recommendation were adopted in the Agreement between the federal government of
Nigeria and the union of tertiary institution unfortunately government reneged
on the agreement.
The economic
turn down and the foreign exchange rate did not helps the review of the
Agreement which government bluntly turns down folicing this there have been
several industrial action by the union of tertiary further aggravated by the
way government reacted to lecturer in tertiary institutions industrial action
instead of engaging in meaningful dialogue with the lecturer of tertiary
institution the government said no work, No pay policy and sacked some and even
went as far forcefully rejected them from their official Quarters. According to
Olugbeko the vice president of COEASU said it is ridiculous that the only
response could give about the strikes regardless is No work, No pay policy is
not threat to us. We are ready to continue the struggle without pay.
However,
little attention is given to the effect of constant strike on the academic
performance of students in Nigerian tertiary institutions specially that of
year 2013 and 2014 which was carried out by federal and state tertiary institution
in Nigeria. This study therefore intends to examine series of strike action and
the direct effect it has on student grade point average (GPA).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
College of
Education is regarded as the citadel of knowledge the fountain of
intellectualism, the most appropriate ground for the incubation of leaders of
tomorrow.
However,
over the last thirsty year in Nigeria the educational system has witness and
unprecedented industrial unrest and so many official assaults than other social
institution.
Statistics
from the national tertiary institution commission (2002) reveal that since 1992
the academic staff union of tertiary institution has embarked on industrial
action over 23 times to drive home its demands.
Many have
argued that those in position of authorities see tertiary institution a a
burden and as institution to be exploited and left desolate, so far some of
their wards are studying abroad and private tertiary institution. To arrest the
situation academic staff union of universities (ASUU) have gone on industrial
action several times with the recent one in 2013 Lingering for more than six
months likewise academic staff union of polytechnics (ASUP) which lasted for
over two-third of a year and also the colleges of education academic staff
union (COEASU) over eight months.
The
disagreement of lecturer in tertiary institution, industrial action is an agent
of social change in an organisation. Education administrations concerned with
the effect and influence of industrial action (disagreement) on educational
sector in particular to the social economic and political sector in general.
There is
hardly a full academic session that student and staff crises will not resulting
prolongment academic calendar, delayed graduation of students, teaching
practice student, delayed in admission list of students and economic waste
suffered by students, parents and the country as a whole.
This study
therefore intends to examine the series of strike action and the direct effect
it has on students academic achievement.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The essence
of this research work is to find out the effect of industrial action on
academic achievement of the students in college of education.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following research question are to guide the study
i. Is there any effect of industrial action
on students academic achievement in the colleges of education?
ii. Is there any effect of
student over stayed in the college on academic achievement of students?
iii. Is there any effect of
students’ involvement in prostitution on academic achievement?
iv. Is there any effect of academic
staff demands on academic achievement of students in college of education?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance
of the study lies in its contributions to the body of knowledge as follows:
1. This research provide a detailed account
of factor responsible for higher education strike action in Nigeria
2. The study is significant to the state and
federal government who will appreciate that are inability to implement the
joint decisions reached have serious implication for the learning effectiveness
of the students.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research
topic will be focused on Federal College of Education Abeokuta, Ogun State.
The colleges
of education has encountered some worst problems in the history of trade
unionism in the country while the primary aim of the study is to investigate
whether colleges of education industrial action have a direct effect on
students overall Grade point average (GPA), the research will also touches the
primary causes and effect on the industrial conflict between the academic staff
union of colleges of education and Federal Government of Nigeria.
Industrial
action by the union of colleges of education is peculiar to colleges of
education in OgunState. The study intends to carry out a comparative the
analysis of college of education in selected colleges of education in Ogun
State.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Industrial
Action: It is a process by which organisation stopping of work by employers
because of some agreement on wages and salaries reduce to work as a protest
Effect:
Something that is produced by an Agency or cause, result consequence
Academic
Performance: It refers to how well a student is accomplishing his or her task
and studies.
Students: Is
a person formally engaged in learning one enrolled in a school or college
Tertiary
Institution: Refer to education and training at college, universities and
polytechnics
Colleges of
Education: is regarded as the citadel of knowledge, the foundation of
intellectualism, the most appropriate ground for the incubation of leading of
tomorrows.
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