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THE IMPACT
OF PRE-MARITAL AFFAIRS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
This study
evaluated the Impact of Pre-Marital Affairs on Academic Performance of Students
of Federal College of Education Abeokuta. One hundred respondents were used,
twenty each from the five schools in Federal College of Education, Abeokuta,
Nigeria. Random sampling techniques was used for the study and the data
collected was analyzed using simple percentage, the findings of the study shows
that peer influence, negative environmental influences e.t.c. facilitate pre-marital
affairs among tertiary institution students. Based on the findings and
conclusion, it is recommended among others that government should continue to
organize orientation program me for the youth of the society especially
students in tertiary institutions.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Sex being a
universal term one would expect a great deal to be known about it. But this is
not the case, partly because all societies regulate sexual activities. The
family institution is where sexual activities or intercourse takes place
between two adults if opposite sex pre-marital sex is not confined to young
people alone; a good number of people who are not married are also vulnerable
to pre-marital sex. This is evidence by the large number of unintended pregnancies
many of which get terminated in back street clinics (Alo, 2008), the high rate
of sexual transmitted infected among the 15-24 years old and an increasing number of girls dropping out of
school due to unwanted pregnancies.
In a recent report released by CSA
(centre for the study of adolescent) the age of sexual debut is now at all time
low of between 8 and 12 years infact, 8 out of young people will have had sec
before they reach the age of 20. This increases the chances of unwanted
pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases as well as chance of dropping out of
school. Also consequences diseases of pre-marital, sexually transmitted
diseases. (As well as HIV) are higher for females. If a young girl becomes
pregnant, she places herself and her unborn child at further risk. Because, a
young girls body will not have developed to the point being able to handle
child birth safely. Even of a young mother escape severe health consequences,
she must still face serious responsibilities of parenthood. This is aside the
fact that she drops out of school and excepts in rare cases she may never go
back to school again (AIO 2008), modern society is becoming free in many
different ways so that premarital sex is becoming more ordinary. Pre-marital
sex seems to be causing many socials disturbance such as disorderly household
and more corruption of public morals.
The absence of social and economic
opportunities for girls and women and the demands placed on them, coupled with
the gender inequalities known to exist within the education system (Mensch and
Lioyd 1998),may result in unsatisfactory school experiences poor academic
performance and resignation to or preference for early childhood. Although
pregnancy is often thought to disrupts the education of adolescent girls,
teenagers reproductive behaviour may be Endogenous to school completion in that
many of the same factors lead to drop out and early child bearing (Mensch and
Lioyd 1999). Zabin and Kiragu (1998;215) speculate that in sub-Saharan African
schooling may actually encourage sexual onsets, especially as it tends to
remove young people from the supervision of traditional caretaker’s. As
consequence move adolescent have to negotiate sexual maturation and sexual initiation
in a different context that from than from that of counterparts in prior
generations .In conjunction with the trend towards an increase in the age as
marriage, the age at sexual initiation among young women has either remained
the same or risen. At the same time, a shift has occurred in many countries
towards an increase in the proportion initiating sex before marriages at ages
when adolescent could still be enrolled to school.(mensch et al 2006)the issue
of undergraduate’s attitude towards pre-marital sex is something that has a lot
of controversies and complications. Many of these arguments are matter of
opinions which still need to be substantiated with fact and figures before they
can be accepted. It is not surprising that one out of every four undergraduates
students are unsure if it is right or wrong to have sexual relationship prior
to marriage, given how much undergraduates are in their daily living, starting
from the post-primary years. The fact that most adolescents or young adults
behave that pre-marital sex is important to the sustenance or reservation of
the relationship does not entail that it is legally or customable right.
However, constant presentation and
portrayal of sex outside marriage as normal every day event by the media seems
to be a motivational factor to those adolescent or young adults, thereby
placing the consequences behinds.
Furthermore one should understand
that having sex within a relationship is a life changing event that greatly
intensifies the depth of the relationship and therefore the intensify of the
hurt of separation typically entails the building of higher and stronger walls
to project one when the next relationship come along.
The scripture, contributions of the
church fathers and current theologian are all consistent in their views that
sexual relations belonging only within marriage, but the belief of most
undergraduate students considering pre-marital sex is that it helps on to
evaluate one’s own sexually, understand the opposite sex at a deeper level and
above all makes them feel belong or as port of University life. Reside it is
pertinent to highlight some of the causes of pre-marital sex as financial
challenges, peer pressure wrong notions and fear from molestation, intimidation
and above all environment influence.
Indeed, it cannot be rules out that
sexual relationship strengthens courtship and serve as a lubricant that
sustains a marriage. However, its disadvantage and consequence bring about
certain psychological and emotional distress as it creates difficulty in
developing real word trust. Thus, Adeyemi 2005 states, “If I could get her
easily that way who knows if there isn’t somebody else “It also expose one to
unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDs, Gonorrhea,
Staphylococcus e.t.c it also contributes to and above all and brings about
stigmatization on the individual involved as they are regarded as flirts
prostitute etc. by the public.
The meaning has since shifted
referring to all sexual relations a person has prior marriage. This removes
emphasis on which the relations are with. Sexuality among unmarried who do not
have access to information about reproductive health and birth control can
increase the rate of teenage pregnancies and contraction of sexually
transmitted infection.
The definition has a degree of
ambiguity. It is not clean whether sex between individuals legally forbidden
form marrying on the sexual relations of one uninterested in marrying could be
considered pre-marital.
In some cultures, for examples, in
many modern day western countries, sexual absentinence before marriage is a lot
valued.
Historically, at least a
significant portion of people have engaged in pre-marital sex. Although the
number willing to admit to having done so was not always high. In a study in
Nigeria, 61 percent of men and 12 percent of women born prior to 2002 admitted
to having pre-marital sex, the gender disparately may have been caused by
double standards regarding the admission of sexual activity
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Sex in itself, is not wrong at any
age but pre-marital forms. Sex may harm the mental development of adults in
several forms. Pre-marital sexual experiences many atimes, leads to the
misconception that sex is to be enjoyed at whatever ways possible. Forced
pre-marital affairs may lead to mental depressions and dilemma. Another danger
is possible exchange of diseases as premarital partners may not be aware of
diseases that spread through pre-marital affairs. Emotional imbalances and
guilt feeling could be the result of most pre-marital affairs. This study is
design to examine how pre-marital affects of Education, Osiele Abeokuta.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are to:
1. Examine the reasons and causes of
pre-marital affairs among adults.
2. Determine how pre-marital affairs affect
the academic performance of adult students in Federal College of Education
Osiele, Abeokuta.
3. Find out the risks encountered in
pre-marital affairs
4. Determine the solution to the problem
encountered with the adult student through pre-marital Affairs
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are
the causes of pre-marital affairs?
2. What are
the risks in engaging in pre-marital affairs?
3. What are
the effects of pre-marital affairs on Adult students?
4. What are
the solutions to the problem encountered in pre-marital affairs?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Although there is abundance of
literature on the above, subject matter that is pre-marital affairs of adult
student.
In our higher institutions. The study
will create awareness of the students to various problems that brings about
pre-marital affairs the outcome of this will sensitive the school authority to
provide adequate security to the students.
Thus study will also help the management of
the institution, the individual and the society at large. It will also help the
school counselors to carry out their job effectively. From the study the
society and the individual will know the importance of abstaining from
premarital sex relationship. The study will also assist in the reduction of
sexual transmitted diseases as well as unwanted pregnancy
However, the study can also assist
in creating awareness concerning the relationship responsible for pre-marital
sexual relationship in the higher institutions. It will reduce the rate of
pre-marital sex as well as encourage youth to “Zip-up” and maintain abstinence
until marriage.
1.6 SCOPE/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study on
Effects of Pre-Marital affairs on academic performance is limited to students
of Federal College of Education, Osiele, Abeokuta.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Sexuality:
It is the capacity to have erotic experiences and responses.
Marital Affairs:
It is the relationship between a man and woman who are legally married.
Diseases: An
abnormal condition of the body or mind that causes discomfort or dysfunctions.
Depression:
A state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or
inability to visualize.
Pre-marital
Affairs: It is the sexual activity practiced by persons who are unmarried.
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