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THE EFFECT
OF PARENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ON PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS ACADEMIC
ACHIEVEMENT
ABSTRACT
This project
focuses on the effect of parents socio-economic status on pre-primary school
pupils academic achievement in Odeda Local Government in Ogun State. The
questionnaire as the main instrument used in the study was administered on
fifty (50) teacher randomly selected as sample from Nine (9) pre-primary school
in Odeda Local Government. The analyzed data clearly showed the effect of
parent socio economic status on pre-primary school pupils academic achievement.
Few among those are: The parental income has a vital role to play in pupils
academic, parental level of education tends to affect academic achievement of
pupils and parents with low level of qualification tends to earn low which also
affect their childrens academically e.t.c. Recommendation which include parents
should provide their wards with essential materials that will help them improve
on their academic achievements. Non government organization can also help the
pupils academically by providing them with essential material they need in school
on how the pupils academic achievement can be improved in Odeda Local
Government for the education development of the area.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The
responsibility of training a child always lies in the hand of the parents. This
is congruent with the common assertion by sociologist that education can be an
instrument of cultural change which is being taught from home is relevant for
this discuss. It is not out of place to imagine that parent socio-economic have
possible effect on the academic achievement of pupils in pre-primary school.
Whatsoever affect the development environment of pupils would possibly affect
their education or disposition to it. Parental status
is one of
such variables, when a woman’s nutritional status improves so too does the nutrition of her young pupils (Lisa
et al 2003) Rothestein has asserted as follows: parent of different occupation
classes often have different styles of
child rearing, different ways of discipline their children and different ways of reacting to the children.
These differences do not express
themselves consistently as expected in the case of every family; rather they
effect the average tendencies of families for different occupation classes
(Rothestin 2004).
In line with
above assertion, Hill et al (2004) had also argued that socio-economic status
of parents do not only affect the academic achievement, but also makes it
possible for pupils from low academic to compete well with their counterparts
from high socio-economic academic under the same academic environment.
Moreover, Smith, Fagan and Vivund (2002) had asserted that significant
predictator of intellectual achievement at age of 8 years included parental
socio-economic status.
Socio
economic status and host of other factors relating to home environment of
pupils as education background of parents, health status of pupils, parental occupation and family size could affect the pupils academic achievement.
Socio-economic status can be defined as a person’s overall social position to
which attainment in both. The social and economic domain contribute. (Ainley
et. al., 1995).
Socio-economic
status is determined by individual achievement in education, employment,
occupational status, income and wealth. Several parents may provide higher
levels of psychological support for their children through environment that
encourage the development of skills necessary for success at school (Williams
et al 1980, William 1987, Williams 1993).
Socio-economic
status is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of an
individual or group. It is often measured as a combination of education, income
and occupation. Examination of socio-economic status often reveal inequalities
in access to resources, plus issues related to privilege, power and control.
The children from low socio-economic households develop academic skills more
slowly compared to the pupils from higher socio-economic achievement. The rate
of scholarship out can be traced to the socio-economic status of the parents.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The research
is interested in knowing the effects of parent socio-economic status on
pre-primary school pupils academic achievement in Odeda Local Government.
All pupils
is from a particular socio-economic achievement either high or low socio
economic achievement. This is what make the researcher to be interested that
the socio-economic achievement of parent can pose challenges on the academic
achievement of pupils.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The
objective of this study are identified below:
1) To find out the effect of parental
socio-economic status on pupils achievement
2) To determine the effects of education status
of the parent on parental social economic status.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following research question were asked:
i. Will parent
socio-economic status have significant effect on the academic achievement of
pupils?
ii. Will parent
educational achievement has significant effect on pupils academic achievement?
iii. Will parent qualification
has significant effect on the academic achievement of pupils?
iv. How can the academic
achievement of pupils be impoved irrespective of their parents socio economic
status?
1.5 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The research
work deals with the effect of socio-economic status of parent on the academic
achievement of pupils. It will focus on how the parents socio economic status
can affect the academic achievement of pupils both positively and negatively.
The research
was carried out within nine selected schools in Odeda local government
1) Staff School Nursery and Primary School
Osiele, Abeokuta
2) OLG Nursery and Primary School Obantoko
Abeokuta
3) St. Mary Nursery and primary school Osiele
4) The Boom Nursery and Primary School,
Aregbe
5) As Sidiq Nursery and Primary School,
Alogi
6) Sarkis Memorial Nursery and Primary
School, Somorin, Obantoko, Abeokuta.
7) Foundations Nursery and Primary School,
Obantoko
8) Methodist Public Nursery and Primary
School, Odeda
9) Treasure Land Nursery and Primary School,
Odeda.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
will help to show various ways by which the socio-economic status of parent
affects the academic achievements of the pupils both positively and negatively.
This
research will be of tremendous help to the government, the parent and the
general public at large so as to make sure that all the constraints, obstacles
of satisfactory socio-economic development are solved and proffer a lasting
solution to them.
The findings
in this research work will help the parents to fine-tune their strategies in developing
a high socio-economic status so that it will help in developing their pupils
academically and to help in discovering their traits of leadership qualities
and to fully realized their potentials and also help in promoting effective
learning of their pupils.
This study
will also help the government to know the problems that the socio-economic
status of parents can pose on the academic achievement of their pupils so as to
improve the standard of living of the society.
The research
topic will be of future reference to all and
sundry that want to acquire more
knowledge on the effect of parents socio-economic status on pre-primary school
pupils academic achievement.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Some of the
key words as used in this study are explained below
Academic: It
can be known as belonging or relating to studies such as language, philosophy
and pure science rather than applied, technical or professional studies.
Status: the
position of an individual in relation to another or others, especially in
regard to social or professional standing
Parent: a
parent is a caretaker of the offspring in their own species.
Achievement:
it is something accomplished, as through great effort, skill, perseverance or
courage
Socio-economic:
is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person’s work
experience and of an individuals or family’s economic and social position in
relation to others, based on income, education and occupation.
Pupils: A
person usually young who is learning under the close supervision of a teacher
at school, a private tutor, or the like student.
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