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FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE CHOICE CAREER AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the study Career development for most people is a life long process of
engaging the work world through choosing among career choices made available to
them.
Paslorelli,
[2001] stressed that individuals undertaking the process is influenced by many
factors, including the context in which
they live their personal aptitudes , and educational attainment .
Rapid
changes in information and communication technologies, increasing globalization
and greater competition are contributing to dramatic change in working life,
which do not have anything to do with an individual career, the concept of a
job for life is no longer a reality.
Young people are now looking for work life balance in their lives. They
want to maintain the best balance between the hours they spent in paid work and
the time devoted to other roles in their lives such as leisure, home and family
life. Gordon (1997) stressed on the significance of early, career interaction
in secondary school. She added that three are a lot of concern about personal
counseling but much less concern are paid to helping students to the process of
making vocationally choices. According to Hansen, (1996) everyone seems to have
a story to tell regarding their career paths. For instance an adult is ask about
their career development, the answer will be that he just get into that job or
he was in the right place at the right time or he wanted to engage the other
job before I change my mind to join the other job. However it is worthy of note
to state that it is easy to elicit an answer from a group of enthusiastic
children when asked what they want to become when they group up, through if
similar question is posed to secondary school students, some will carefully
provide an answer, while others may say, that they were not yet sure of what to
be in future. Hayes, (1997) stressed that the uncertainty of career choice
confusion among the secondary school students remains a constant challenge
therefore it would be seem natural that an important component of early career
development intervention during those exploratory and transitional stages would
be fully investigated to determine those factors that determined the choice of
a career among secondary school students. The American counseling association.
( ACA) 1998 stated the importance of secondary school students been preferred
for the world of work as they enter a period of transition from secondary
school career guidance programme should be based in assisting the students in
career choice. Heir(1995) added that secondary school students are really
influenced by external forces. It was also suggested by the counselors that
there are internal factors such as personal identity, self esteem, decision
making, style, as well as the development tasks to be accomplished. Hartung, (
1995) stressed on the importance of both early instructions and the continued
efforts in the career choice, the point here is not for the secondary school
students to only make a decision a particular job they would like to join after
schooling, but it is to fully participate in a process that would assist in
preparing a foundation that could promote bright future. Kapes(1998) presents
the steps or stages of introducing career choice which he summed up as follows,
introducing career awareness activities in elementary grades, career
exploration in middle grade and career preparation in secondary schools. Since
choosing a career has an important role to play is ones life, there are needs
to encompass the processes involved in better choice of career in secondary
schools to enable the secondary school students to lay useful foundations for
the future.
Statement of
the Problem
A major turning point in adolescent
lives involves the career choice they make while in secondary school.
Frequently, it is viewed by family and community as a mere start to work place readiness,
however, this decision plays a major role in establishing youth in a career
path that opens as well as close opportunities.
Purpose Of
The Study
The main
purpose underlying this study are:
1) To what extent do parents role influence the
choice of career among the secondary school students.
2) To what extent do the teachers roles
influence the career choice of the students in secondary school.
3) To what extent do inadequacy of career
counseling affects the choice of career among the secondary school students.
4) To what extent do peer group influence the
choice of career among secondary school students.
Scope Of The
Study
This research work covers the secondary
schools in Onitsha South Local Government Area, Anambra State. Thus, there are
total numbers of fifteen approved secondary schools (both and public and
secondary schools).
In the course of the research, some
limitations were encountered.
One of them
is that time frame of the work was quite short. Secondary school, it was not
easily to obtain all the information necessary for the work. It was as a result
of insufficient finances needed for the work as well as the lack of
documentation of some basic information.
This not withstanding, the researcher
was able to obtain information covering five secondary schools, which is enough
for reliable estimate using randomization method.
These schools are as follows
1) Urban Boys Secondary school, Onitsha
2) Urban Girls Secondary School, Onitsha
3) Christ the King College, Onitsha
4) Chukwurah High School, Onitsha
5) Metu Boys Secondary Schools, Onitsha
Significance
of Study
This study is going to be of benefit
of the following sets of people:
1) The Government: It will enable the government
to understand the importance of posting a career counsellor to the secondary
schools.
2) The students: The study will help the
students adjust to better career choice if they have chosen a wrong one, and
also enable the students to know the impact of making a correct career choice
decision in secondary schools level.
3) The parents: The study will enable the
parents encompass career choice while teaching their children because formal
education starts from the parents.
4) The teachers: The study will enable the
teachers to know roles they are to play in student lives as regard career
choice.
Research
Questions
The following research questions are
formulated to guide the study:
1) To what Extent do parents role influence the
choice of career among the secondary school students.
2) To what Extent do the teachers role
influence the students career choice.
3) To what Extent do inadequacy of career
counseling affect the choice of career among the secondary school students.
To what
Extent do peer group influence the choice among secondary school students
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