TELEVISION AND ADOLESCENT: INFLUENCE OF CABLE TELEVISION (DSTV) ON ADOLESCENT CREATIVITY, ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND SOCIALIZATION
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TELEVISION
AND ADOLESCENT: INFLUENCE OF CABLE TELEVISION (DSTV) ON ADOLESCENT CREATIVITY,
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND SOCIALIZATION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
The word
“Adolescence” comes from the Latin word adolescence meaning “to grow into
maturity”. It ranges between childhood and adulthood, it covers the period from
age 12 till the early 20.
According to
Unachukwu and Ebenebe (2007) stated that the common denominator in all
adolescent experiences irrespective of cultural variations is the biological
changes from childhood into mature adults’ status capable of reproduction.
It is also a
time of enormous physiological changes; adolescence is also marked by changes
in behaviour and expectations. It is regarded as a prelude to and preparation
for adulthood, a transitional period of life between immaturity and maturity as
well as having to deal with the question “who am I”. The adolescent must also
deal with the question “who will I be” (Gross and Mc Illveen, 1998). This is
ongoing in Nigeria today; there have been significant changes in the lives of
most adolescents in Nigeria. Some of these changes are as a result of the
friends, peer group, and media especially cable television (DSTV).
Cable
television (DSTV) plays a role in the development of a child from the period of
adolescent to adult; the noticeable effect of cable television (DSTV) can be
reflected in the academic performance, the level of socialization and
creativity among adolescents in Nigeria (Maduewesi, E. J. (2005).
The most
pronounced effect is seen on the level of academic performance and
socialization among adolescent in Nigeria. The spread of DSTV television
channel and other television channels have exposed children to foreign
programs. This has made the world a global village where what is watched on
television in the developed countries is equally watched in developing
countries hence the proliferation of negative effects like poor pre-school
performance, aggressive behavior, and English, Mother tongue languages
impediment among others (Zevenbergen, 2007).
The parents
or guidance can help curb the negative effect of cable television (DSTV) on
adolescents in Nigeria by exposing them to right and wrong at the early stage
of development; this by default will shape the mindset of children from the
early stage of development to adult stage. The study in this regard wishes to
examine the influence of cable television (DSTV) on adolescent creativity,
academic performance and socialization using Grange schools GRA, Ikeja as the
case study.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The cable
television (DSTV) is considered the most entertaining among other forms of
media; but inasmuch as creating an avenue for relaxation purposes, there are
some disadvantages attached to it; some of these disadvantages in seen in the
level of adolescent creativity, the academic performance and the level of
socialization among adolescent in Nigeria. Some of the cable television (DSTV)
channels are educative while some are violent but most adolescents are easily
influenced by the violent channels of cable television (DSTV), this therefore
lead to behavioural changes both at home and in their learning environment; the
effect of the violent cable television (DSTV) channels give rise to truancy,
deviant behavior exhibited by most students in junior and secondary schools.
But if children are properly guided by parents and guidance the effect will be
controllable.
According to
Austin (1992) points out that; Television watching can have positive effects on
pre-school children if well guided by parents and guardians. Television
watching as a learning process can promote general learning as well as
pre-school children’s academic performance either negatively or positively
(Nganda, 2007).
1.3 AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The main aim
of the research work is to examine the influence of cable television (DSTV) on
adolescent creativity, academic performance and socialization. Other specific
objectives of the study include:
1. To
determine the relationship between cable television (DSTV) and the academic
performance of students in Grange schools GRA, Ikehja
2. To
determine the effect cable television on morality level and socialization among
students in Grange schools GRA, Ikeja
3. To
examine the effect of educational programs on cable television on adolescent
creativity
4. To
determine ways of improving socialization among adolescents using educational
programs from cable television (DSTV)
5. To
determine the roles of parents, teachers and guidance in the restriction of
adolescents to violent movies or programs shown on the cable television (DSTV)
6. To
determine the effect cable television (DSTV) on the level of truancy among
adolescents
7. To
proffer solution to the above stated problems
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
The study
came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated
objectives of the study. The research questions for the study are stated below
as follows:
1. What is
the relationship between cable television (DSTV) and the academic performance
of students in Grange schools GRA, Ikehja?
2. What is
the effect cable television on morality level and socialization among students
in Grange schools GRA, Ikeja?
3. What is
the effect of educational programs on cable television on adolescent
creativity?
4. What are
the ways of improving socialization among adolescents using educational
programs from cable television (DSTV)?
5. What are
the roles of parents, teachers and guidance in the restriction of adolescents
to violent movies or programs shown on the cable television (DSTV)?
6. What is
the effect cable television (DSTV) on the level of truancy among adolescents?
1.5
STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis 1
H0: cable
television (DSTV) has no significant effect on adolescent creativity
H1: cable
television (DSTV) has significant effect on adolescent creativity
Hypothesis 2
H0: cable
television (DSTV) does not influence the level of socialization among
adolescents
H1: cable
television (DSTV) influences the level of socialization among adolescents
Hypothesis 3
H0: the
impact of cable television (DSTV) on the academic performance of students is
low
H1: the
impact of cable television (DSTV) on the academic performance of students is
high
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The findings
from the study onthe influence of cable television (DSTV) on adolescent
creativity, academic performance and socialization will be of immense benefit
to the following:
The society:
to the society, the findings from the study will educate the society on the
benefit of socialization and well being of adolescents.
Grange
schools: the findings study will lead students to educational programs on cable
television (DSTV) as this will help improve the academic performance of
students in Grange schools
Adolescents:
the findings from the study will educate the adolescent on how to improve
themselves to become relevant to the society
The
government: the findings from the study will help the federal government of
Nigeria in seminar preparations for secondary schools students, to monitor
truancy and deviant behavior among secondary school students
Researchers:
the study will be of immense benefit to other research students that wishes to
carry out similar research on the above project work
Literature:
the study will contribute to the body of the existing literature onthe
influence of cable television (DSTV) on adolescent creativity, academic
performance and socialization
1.7 SCOPE OF
STUDY
The study
onthe influence of cable television (DSTV) on adolescent creativity, academic
performance and socialization is limited to Grange schools. The study will
cover the impact of cable television (DSTV) on the academic performance of
students, the roles of parents, teachers and guidance in the restriction of adolescents
to violent movies or programs shown on the cable television (DSTV) and also the
relationship between cable television (DSTV) and the academic performance of
students in Grange schools GRA, Ikehja.
1.8
LIMITATION OF STUDY
Financial
constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher
in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the
process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time
constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other
academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the
research work.
1.9
DEFINITION OF TERMS
ADOLESCENT:
the process of developing from a child into an adult.
SOCIALIZATION:
the activity of mixing socially with others.
CREATIVITY:
the use of imagination or original ideas to create something; inventiveness.
TRUANCY: the
action of staying away from school without good reason; absenteeism.
DEVIANT:
departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual
behaviour.
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