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AN APPRAISAL
OF THE CAUSES OF STUDENTS POOR PERFORMANCE IN BOOK KEEPING AND ACCOUNTING
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
to the study
The
differential scholastic achievement of students in Nigeria has been and is
still a source of concern and research
interest to educators, government and parents. This is so because of the great
importance that education has on the national development of the country. All
over the country, there is a consensus of opinion about the fallen standard of
education in Nigeria (Adebule, 2004). Parents and government are in total
agreement that their huge investment on education is not yielding the desired
dividend. Teachers also complain of students’ low performance at both internal
and external examination. The annual releases of Senior Secondary Certificate
Examination results (SSCE) conducted by West African Examination Council (WAEC)
justified the problematic nature and generalization of poor students’
performance in different school subjects Poor academic performance according to
Aremu (2003) is a performance that is adjudged by the examinee/testee and some
other significant as falling below an expected standard. Poor academic
performance has been observed in school subjects especially mathematics and
English language among secondary school students (Adesemowo, 2005). Aremu
(2000) stresses that academic failure is not only frustrating to the students
and the parents, its effects are equally grave on the society in terms of
dearth of manpower in all spheres of the economy and politics. Education at
secondary school level is supposed to be the bedrock and the foundation towards
higher knowledge in tertiary institutions. It is an investment as well as an instrument
that can be used to achieve a more rapid economic, social, political,
technological, scientific and cultural development in the country. The National
Policy on Education (2004) stipulated that secondary education is an instrument
for national development that fosters the worth and development of the
individual for further education and development, general development of the
society and equality of educational opportunities to all Nigerian children,
irrespective of any real or marginal disabilities.
However,
different people at different times have passed the blame of poor students performance in tertiary institution because of their low
retention, parental factors, association with wrong peers, low achievement, low
retention, low achievement motivation and the likes (Aremu & Sokan, 2003;
Aremu & Oluwole 2001; Aremu, 2000).
Morakinyo
(2003) believe that the falling level of academic achievement is attributable
to teacher’s non-use of verbal reinforcement strategy. Others found out that
the attitude of some teachers to their job is reflected in their poor
attendance to lessons, lateness to school, unsavory comments about student’s
performance that could damage their ego, poor method of teaching and the likes
affect pupils’ academic performance.
The academic
performance of students in higher institution
has taken a dramatic decline in recent times. This poor performance cuts
across all subjects including Book Keeping and Accounting . There is no
gainsaying that the purpose of teaching is to facilitate learning such that the
students will be able to achieve high academic performance in examinations. For
teachers of Book Keeping and Accounting, it is important that they understand
and appreciate the determinants of their students’ performance in the subject.
This knowledge will help the teachers to organize the teaching and learning
process such that the students will achieve high performance in Book Keeping
and Account . The fact remains that there can be no excellent academic
performance without effective teaching and learning. It has been established
among Psychologists that a number of factors determine the ability of the
students. Some of these factors include; the learning environment, the
competence of the teacher, motivation, the interest of the students to mention
but a few.
Numerous
studies have analyzed the factors behind the performance of students.
Identifying the variables that influence the academic performance of students
at school is of great importance for two reasons. On one hand, it is an
essential tool for the public authorities in charge of definition of optimal
and efficient education policies. On the other hand, this kind of analysis can
help the educational institutions to improve the quality of their programmes
(Awa, 2003) cited in Issah (2009).
Statement of
the Problem
The benefits
of studying Book Keeping and Accounting cannot be over emphasized, as such,
when students fail or perform poorly in Book Keeping and Accounting in the examination; they lose the opportunity to
fully enjoy these benefits. The question therefore is what is the cause of this
fallen standard and poor academic performance of students? Is the fault
entirely that of lecturers or students or both of them? Is it that students of
today are non-achievers because they have low intelligent quotient and a good
neutral mechanism to be able to act purposefully, think rationally and deal
effectively with academic tasks? Or is it because teachers are no longer
putting in much commitment as before? Or is it
in teachers’ method of teaching and interaction with pupils? Or is the
poor performance of students caused by parents’ neglect, separation and
poverty? The present study therefore sought to find out the causes of poor
student performance in Book Keeping and Accounting in College of Education,
Ikere-Ekiti.
Purpose of
the Study
The broad
objective of this study is to find out the cause of students poor performance
in Book Keeping and Accounting in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti.
To be able
to achieve this objective the following specific objective shall be considered:
To determine
whether the teacher commitment to teaching and work habit can causes poor
performance of student in Book Keeping and Accounting
To find out
the opinion of school counselors and their view of factors responsible for poor
performance of students in book keeping and Accounting
To determine
whether teacher qualification, availability and use of teaching materials and
parental involvement can causes poor performance of students in Book Keeping
and Accounting.
To also
determine whether motivation and job satisfaction can cause poor performance of
students in Book Keeping and Accounting and to offer suggestion on how the
problem can be solved.
Research Questions
This study
thus attempts to find answers to the under mentioned research questions and
find out where the problem lies:
Significance of the study
Although, the new national policy on education
in Nigeria emphasized on business education and other skill subject, Book
Keeping and Accounting in tertiary institution is not effectively implemented.
It is hoped that the finding of this study
will make education authorities to give attention to business education
programme. Also the findings and recommendation will provide useful information
for the causes of low performance in Book Keeping and Account by business
education lecturer in improving plan for implementing Business Education
Programme.
In addition, it will serve as a useful guide
to guidance, counselors, parents, teachers and principals in advising the
students on choice of future career in the field of business.
Scope of the Study
This study is limited in scope to the causes
of low performance of Tertiary institution
student in Book Keeping and Accounting in College of Education,
Ikere-Ekiti.
The finding of this study will focus on the
causes of low performance in Book Keeping and Accounting in college of education Ikere-Ekiti. fifty
student is been used for the study.
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