THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARITAL SUCCESS AND THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION AMONG WOMEN IN OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
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THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN MARITAL SUCCESS AND THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION AMONG WOMEN IN OREDO LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA.
ABSTRACT
This study examines
the relation between marital success and the level of education among women.
The method of data collection was the questionnaires administered to
respondents. A total number of one hundred (100) questionnaires were
distributed to respondents and they were collected back from them and duly
completed. The analysis of finding will be the same with a view to answering the
questions raised in the study. For the purpose of discussion, percentages were
found in order to determine the pattern. The results led to the following
conclusions.
- Does the level of women that are educated affect their attitude toward their husbands?
- Does education make women to loose their sense of responsibility as a wife?
- Does education leads to marital success?
- Does education make women to have time in their home or domestic work?It is not right for a woman to be educated than her husband?
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
ONE
Introduction
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Research questions
Scope of the study
Limitation of the study
Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Review of related literature
Marriage and marital success
Education and marital success
Employment and marital success
Level of education and marital success
CHAPTER
THREE
Methodology
Research design
Population the study
Administration of instrument
Sampling technique adopted
Procedure for data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Analysis of data
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, conclusion and recommendations
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendations
Suggestion for further study
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
The education of
women has been recognized for several decades as a fundamental human right and
a development necessity. Education not only provide basic knowledge and skills
to improve health and livelihood, but it empowers women to take their rightful
place in society and development process. Education gives women the status and
confidence to influence household decisions. Educating women is the key to
breaking the cycle of poverty.
In the Nigerian society between the early 1970s and early 1980s experienced
growth in terms of social, economic and educational development. This brought
about increased movement away from the traditional way of life due to
industrialization, education, influence of electronic media and the exposure to
foreign cultures. In the traditional setting, the Nigerian woman was brought up
right from youth in ways which will get her ready for marriage and make her
settle down to a successful marriage. She was taught the different roles she
would play as a woman, in terms of home making, motherhood, having good
relationship with her husband and in-law. She was taught the art of patie4nce
and submissiveness towards her husband in order to be able to play these roles
successfully.
Traditionally, parents were satisfied with a female child playing only the role
of a wife and a mother as stipulated by the Nigeria culture. Today parents have
realized that their female children attain positions of honour in the society
and marry men of high social standing. They have seen education and exposure to
other cultures as a means of achieving these objectives.
At a very early age, the Nigerian female child is sent to school where at the
very beginning she is placed in the same compound with them for class grades
and marks. She learns to see the male as her equals as they do not seem to
possess more intelligence than herself.
The Nigerian female child is exposed to Western cultures having values that are
quite different from those of the Africa and hence, the Nigerian woman is
gradually slufting from the patience and submissive person she used to be, who
was ready to restrict her life to the narrow boarders of the environment
in which she had been born and bred to a more pushful person, competing with
men in terms of educational attainment and positions in the world of work.
In the Nigeria society, if a woman has obtained a particular age and
educational standard and is not yet married, she is frowned at by society and
seen as a frustrated and unfulfilled person.
It is therefore not usual for Nigerian parents to be overly anxious over seeing
that their children are married and success at marriage. Due to this anxiety,
some parents go to the extent of arranging meetings between their daughters and
members of the opposite sex and eventually match-making them into marriage.
In order to make the marriage of their children successful, parents a times who
are well to do, provide facilities for the young couple to make them
comfortable in their new home, they also make it mandatory to enquire from time
to time about the problems that could be arising from the marriage with a view
to helping in solving such problems.
The role of the man in the Nigerian culture is that of the master and
controller of home. He wants to maintain this role all the time and does not
want a situation that will militate against it lest society sees him as a
weakling.
Some men are weary of marrying women who have acquired higher education. Men in
this group will contend that it will be easier for them to be able to have
control over women who do not have more than a school certificate education or
those who do not attend school at all, regardless of their own educational
background. This is with the believe that such will not see them as equals and
as such give them enough respect and thereby enabling them plat their roles as
expected by the culture as the master of the home.
The man may soon realized that he requires for a successful marriage is not
supremacy band absolute submissiveness by the wife. A graduate marrying a
primary school certificate holder, will soon realize that their varying social
status could create a gap between himself and the wife especially were related
to other people belonging to their varying social groups with varying societal
values that cannot match. This would be a source of conflict and possible
failure of their marriage.
It may be assumed that such gap could be bridged by time when the couple must
have grown to understand themselves better with time. A woman with primary
school certificate who did not bother to know how to relate to people in her
graduate husbands’ social class will with time learn more about her husband and
what is expected of her in her marriage if she has to succeed, and this also
applies to the man.
Some men, due to the exposure in higher institutions of learning believe that
they will be more compatible with women who are also well educated like
themselves. They believe they will be able to communicate effectively with such
women and be easily understood by them.
These men also have problems related to marital adjustment. Their wives are
hardly at home due to demands of jobs that are as time consuming as those of
their husbands. This leads to the feelings of being neglected and uncared by
the man who is usually left to the mercy of house helps who take the place of
their wives at home.
The man a times develops the feeling of inadequacy especially if the wife works
with men who are more successful than himself and due to the wife’s sense of
dressing and sophistication, infidelity is often suspected and this can lead to
marital failure. In some situations, women find themselves attaining high
levels of education than their husband. Men who have acquired wealth without
adequate education to back it up may want their wives to acquire more education
than themselves so that they become asset in the running of the family’s business
and could give some degree of prestige and to her husband and family.
When the man has a lower educational qualification than the wife and is
financial standing is also lower, he may develop feeling of resentment,
jealousy and incapability at being able to have a control over their household,
especially if the man did not approves of such educational attainment. The
situation may lead to friction and eventual breakdown of the marriage.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Marriage is
considered to be very important in the life of an individual. In modern times,
acquiring education can be seen as one of the preparation a woman has to make
towards marriage.
The acquisition of good education brings about the acquisition of positions of
honour in the society, good jobs and increased financial standing which will
enable a woman to asset her husband in alleviating financial problems in their
home.
The acquisition of education on the part of a woman can also militate against
her marital success especially if there is disparity in her level of education
and that of her spouse.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The stability of
marriage has a lot of factors militating against it and the educational
attainment of the participants may have a lot to do with it.
The acquisition of a higher level of education would have been seen as an added
asset to women but have their own varying preferences as to the level of
education spouse should possess. These preferences are expectations they feel
would lead to the stability of their marriage.
While some men who possess higher degree would prefer women who are not
educated at all or women with a maximum of a secondary certificate, others in
this category prefer women with university d higher degree like themselves.
Some men with little or no education are not content with women in their
category but would prefer women who have attained higher university degree and
would even go to the extent of sponsoring their wives towards achieving such
educational heights.
It is assumed that the level of education of a woman is very important in
consideration when a man is going to make a marital choice.
The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between marital
success and the level of education among women.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
The findings of this
study will be useful to both married men and women as well as intending
couples.
1. Married
men will be exposed to the effect of different level of education of women and
how when compared to their educational background can lead to marital success
or failure.
2. They
will therefore be able to take decisions on the marital adjustment they will
make as related to their spouses’ educational level for a stable marriage.
3. Married
women on their part will find the result of this study useful in that they will
be exposed to the relationship between their level of education and the marital
success. The needs of their spouses will be brought to force and they in turn
will be able to take decision as to how they can help their spouses fulfill
these needs and bring about marital success.
4. Parents
will also find the result of this study useful since they
participate actively in the upbringing and the decision
relating to the educational attainment of their children, they will through the
findings of this study be able to give adequate guidance to their children as
related to educational attainment and marital success.
5. Guidance
counsellors will finds the result of this finding useful, for the counselling
of individuals who have problems of marital adjustment as related to education.
This will eventually help them in the improvement of the quality of marriage in
the society. the findings of this research will provide a base for
further research in the area of marital adjustme4nt and above all, it will
contribute to the acquisition of knowledge in general.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Based on the
statement of problem, the following research questions were stated:
- Does the level of women that are educated affect their attitude towards their husbands?
- Does education make women to loose their sense of responsibility as a wife?
- Does education leads to marital success?
- Does education make women to have time in their home for domestic work?
- It is not right for a woman to be educated than her husband?
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study
concentrates on educating women only. This is to avoid as much as possible the
unreliability and invalidity of information likely to be obtained from oral
interview which is the feasible means of obtaining information from the
illiterate women. The scope of the study is limited to Oredo local government
area of Edo state since it includes Benin City, a cosmopolitan city and a
university town, a true representative of the Nigerian women can be obtained.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Education: This
a process of teaching, training and learning, especially in schools or colleges
to improve knowledge and develop skills.
Marriage: This
is the legal relationship between a husband and a wife.
Marital: This
has to do with connected marriage or with the relationship between a husband
and a wife.
Success: The
fact that you have achieved something that you want and have been trying to.
Relationship: This
is the way in which two people, groups or countries behave towards each other
or deal with each other.
Culture: This
is the customs and beliefs, arts, way of life and social organization of a
particular country or group.
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