THE RELEVANCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES AS A CORE SUBJECT IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL: A CASE STUDY OF OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
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THE
RELEVANCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES AS A CORE SUBJECT IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL: A
CASE STUDY OF OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
The study attempts to examine the relevance of social studies as a core subject
in schools; A case study of selected Junior secondary schools in Oredo local
government area of Edo State. The research method included the use of
questionnaire and oral interviews. A total of about sixty respondents were
used. Research questions postulated were as follows:
1.
What are
the benefits of teaching social studies in schools?
2.
Are
adequate institutional materials used in teaching the subject?
3.
Are the
teachers encouraged to teach the subject matter?
A simple percentage analysis was
used to collate data. The study preferred some basic recommendation to up lift
the teaching of the subject-social studies in school.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background of the study
Statement of problems
Purpose of the study
Significant of the study
Hypothesis
Limitation of the study
Definitions of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
Meaning of social studies
Nature of social studiers
Relevance of social studies
Social studies objectives
Social studies curriculum
CHAPTER THREE
Methodology
Design of the study
Population
Sample procedure
Instrumentation
Method of data collection
Validity of instrument
CHAPTER FOUR
Data analysis and presentation
Presentation of data
Discussion of result
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
References
Questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The 21st century requires equipping children with basic education in
literacy and numeracy, as the more advanced completes skills needed for living
that can serve as the foundation of life enabling the children to adapt and
change life abetting to life every-changing circumstances. Basic education
remains the most important fac6tor that enables the very process is about
enhancing knowledge, skills and attitudes needed for societal and national
growth of any country of the world. Slavin (1983) defines learning as an
activity of acquiring and applying knowledge to facilitate meeting individual
needs. A child’s education starts from the home that is the family (informal
education) and proceeds to nursery school, primary school, secondary school,
and tertiary level call formal education.
The objectives of secondary schools as stated in the national policy on
education is:
1.
Preparation
for useful living in the society.
2.
Preparation
for high education.
The secondary schools (JSS). This
refers to education that is pre-vocational and academic designed to enable
students acquire further knowledge other than acquisition of literacy and
numeracy and also develop basic life skills. This level is for children age
12-14 years and it is for three years. The curriculum has on education and they
are:
1.
English
2.
Mathematics
3.
Art
4.
Music
5.
Integrated
science
6.
Agriculture
7.
Business
studies
8.
Social
studies
9.
Home
economics
10.
Physical
health education
11.
Religious
and moral instruction.
The knowledge acquired as this
live provides the children with ability to cope with issues, relating to the
entire spectrum of their survival, well-being knowledge on how to deal with
people and situations encountered. It home, school and street, helps them
interact with other and appreciates their own rights and respect opinions of
others. Students can stop at this level equipped with a little vocational
knowledge for survival go to the next level which is the senior secondary
school.
SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (SSS)
This refers to education that is academically and vocational designed for those
waiting to complete the six years circle. Its core subject in the curriculum
are comprehensive and broad designed to broaden students knowledge and outlook.
The core subject area;
1.
English
language
2.
Mathematics
3.
One
Nigeria language
4.
Physics
or chemistry or biology
5.
Literature
in English, history or geography
6.
Agriculture
science
These core subject are basic
subjects which will enable students offers and study a particularly course inn
the high institution of need be. Take note there is no special studies in this
curriculum. Social studies is a field of study or subject in schools. It is an
inner disciplinary one. From its introduction till date, there remains
confusion and disagreement as to what social studies is should be. The rational
content and approach of social studies differs depending ion the needs and
conditions of the society it serves.
Ethiopia: in Ethiopia social
studies is seen as a means to transform the political culture of the people.
Gham: it is used as a weapon for
economic emancipation.
Japan: it is used for building
the foundation for a democratic society.
Nigeria: it is used to inculcate
nationalism and unity among its diverse people.
Sierra Leone: see it as a means
of improving their self-image after colonial rule.
United states: view it as the
development of social problems solving abilities at one time and also
acknowledge for effective citizenship during a different time and as integrated
and adapted social sciences for the school as yet another time.
West Germany: regard it as a
means of developing a new order each view is a reaction to different situation
as the case may be. The department of curriculum development and
evaluation (undated) defines social studies as the study of ma, the way he
behaves and organizes in group, his relationship with his physical and social
environment and interaction with them considering the past, present and
emerging in future.
Kesock (1981) defines social
studies as a programme, which a society uses to instill in students the
knowledge, skills attitudes and action. It consider important relationship
human have with each other their world and themselves. Dubey (1986) see it as a
program of education, which utilizes the study of human life for the purpose of
given children the opportunity to practice solving the problems of crucial
importance, both for the individual and society. It is based on the common
learning of mans interaction with his social and physical environment. Salav
(1991) defines it as the study of man and his physical environment. As Ulehe
(1980) put it, social studies provide people understanding their physical and
human environment in order to act as responsible citizens. Newman (2003)
defines it as a unit of course or study based on the social sciences e.g.
history, geography, economics, psychology, government and anthropology. Social
studies came into existence in Nigeria in 1916 when the national education
organisation decided the less emphasis should be placed on memorizing factual
information and more preparing people for the future. Such preparation requires
that attitudes and skills be taught along side with knowledge,. At this time
social studies was considered integrated curriculum combing the already
established history and geography with newer social studies it should be noted
that Nigeria inherited the colonial form of education which upon independence
was seen as irrelevant to the need to change the school curriculum for a
relevant one become necessary in Nigeria. Also the agitation to formulate
policies and change the existing curriculum gained momentum among local elites,
farmer and concerned individual. to this end, effort made to fashion out the
type of education future African citizens should have.
HYPOTHESIS
Man as a social being is always interacting with his fellow being till the day
he dies. This interaction has implication on both man and his environment.
Based on this t he study will attempt following questions.
1.
Does
social studies have any relevance in the study daily life?
2.
Are the
objectives of social studies achieved by the time a child completes the junior
secondary school?
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The researcher has embarked on this study in order to:
i.
To
determine the learning experience in the class.
ii.
To
outline the benefit of social studies problems and make necessary contribution.
SCOPE
OF STUDY
The study is limited to Oredo local government area of Edo State and remote
part of Egor area covered are Oliha quarters, Uselu quarters, Ugbowo quarters
and Benin city environs.
BASIC
ASSUMPTION
The researcher assumed that
1.
Social
study is taught in all junior secondary school whether public or private.
2.
That the
students do not have an awareness of the relevance of social studies.
DEFINITIONS
OF TERMS
Some terms used in this research are defined below:
1.
Environment:
this is the totality of circumstances surrounding an organism or organisms in
the complex of social and cultural condition affecting the nature of an
individual or the society.
2.
Knowledge:
is the assured belief referring to that which is known?
3.
Objectives;
there are desirable out achievement with resources and time.
4.
Perception:
this is achieving knowledge through the sensory organs.
5.
Relevance:
this is pertinent to the matter at hand.
6.
School:
this refers to institution of pre-college formal education. It also includes
colleges, universities and many other types of special establishment.
7.
Skills:
refers to expert knowledge concerning matter, or accomplishment or craft.
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