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THE ROLE
OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
This
study was carried out to highlight the role of vocational education in economic
development in Edo State.
Chapter one gave the insight into the background of vocational education
courses, which are geared towards self-reliance or self-employment while
related literature was review in chapter two. The chapter three described the
design and methodology.
If
treated the significance, purpose and problems of this study including the
research question, which were administered, and the result analyzed in chapter
four. The study was then summarized in chapter five and from the results in
chapter four, conclusion and recommendations were made.
It is
observed that students generally lack the zeal, interest and aptitude in
learning vocational and technical education courses. To accomplish this, three
departments were randomly selected in School of Education, Ekiadolor Benin and
they numbered one hundred.
The
instrument used in collecting data was the questionnaire for the students alone
without the teachers. Simple percentage was used to analyze data collected from
this response.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter One
Introduction
Background of study
Statement of the problem
Objective of study
Significance of study
Research questions
Scope and Limitations of the study
Definition of terms
Chapter
Two
Review of literature
-
Non-availability
of finance to set up new Vocational and Technical Schools
-
Non-availability
of Staff and Personnel
-
The
Economic Role for Vocational Education
-
Contribution
of the home in students up bringing
-
Impact
of Government Participation in Vocational Education Schools
-
Availability
of Guidance and Counseling in Vocational Education Schools
-
Vocational
Education Courses As Career Aspects of Vocational and Technical Education
-
Creating
Technological Values
Chapter Three
Methodology
Design of the study
Population and sample
Instrumentation
Validity of the instrument
Administration of questionnaire
Method of data analysis
Chapter Four
Data analysis and interpretation
Chapter Five
Summary, conclusion and recommendations
Summary of findings
Conclusions
Recommendations
Suggestions for further research
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRE
LIST OF TABLE
Table 1- Non-availability of finance
Table 2–Vocational education is really helping individuals
to be self-reliance or self-employed.
Table 3 – Non-availability of staff
Table 4 – Inadequate infrastructural facilities
Table 5 – Government education
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
According to Akenbi (2000) vocational education is the acquisition of basic
skills, which enable an individual to be gainfully employed in any sectors of
the economy. For any country to obtain any level of development, vocational
education must be put into consideration. Western education started in Nigeria
when the Christian missionaries came up with during this period, they were
mostly interested in teaching the word of God, converting souls and preaching
the gospel. Some people were not able to follow; some could not walk, see or
hear therefore they were not part of the education. So they were taught how to
make basket and this occupied.
Arms
are being given to the handicap to keep them alive and to make them feel at
home. Before the arrival of the missionary, vocational training had started at
home, children helping their mothers to cook, boys helping their father at
farm. The colonial administration participated in vocational/technical
education given as a separate plan outside that vocational education involves
such field as agricultural education, business education, marketing or
distributive education, trade and industrial education.
Vocational education comprises of vocational and technical training, which is
given in schools a class under public supervision and control. The development
of skills is perhaps the foundation on which vocation education is laid the
assertion has been authorize to the unanimous agreement of the three groups
sample to the fact that vocational education is designed to develop skills
abilities understanding and attitude of individuals. This agrees with the
definition of committee on research and publication of American vocation
association (1954). The primary purpose of embarking on skill development is to
enable some one to do some work.
Olatain (1984) says vocational education refers to systematic learning
experience, which are designed to enable individuals for gainful employment in
recognized occupation as semi skilled workers or technical or professionals. It
equally included guidance and counselling in connecting with training and other
instruction directly related through an occupation.
The
benefits derives from various vocational education cannot be over emphasized.
It is the pride of the nation to develop more vocational education in order to
activate maximum technologically.
Thorp
et al (1930) in their reports they expressed the view that the aim and objective
of vocational education are as follows;
a.
The
aim of technical education must be to provide or the requirements of industry,
commerce and society and to adjust itself to the changing needs of the
territory. The curriculum and organization must be adopted to meet national and
local demands and must not adhere to firm and immutable forms.
b.
Large
number of men and women engaged in industry and commerce and in professional
and auxiliary, occupation lack the specialized knowledge and training which
would allow them to be efficient in their vocation and fit to accept greater
resp0onsibility, the course must be arranged so they can improve their
knowledge and efficiency while continuing employment.
c.
Special
attention must be given to the training of teachers and personnel and for
institutions engaged into training of teachers particularly for secondary
schools and technical institutions and for institutions engaged in the training
of primary school teachers also for person engaged in social activities such as
youth and community center work or in community development generally.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Vocational education has been known as a veritable discipline for the
attainment of self-reliance and can be seen in different dimensions. The
various skills acquisition centres in the state are expected to produce
manpower at craftsmanship and apprenticeship levels. And it has been
ascertained that facilities, staff, finance etc are either lacking or not
sufficiently provided to achieve the expected desires. Although many technical
schools and other skill acquisition centre like college of education,
polytechnics are available in Edo state for the above purposes what is not
clear now is that to what extent is “vocational education helping in economic
development of Edo state”.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
objective of study is to investigate the problems facing vocational education
in the state. This is also to investigate the problems that lead to the non-progress,
inefficiency and even to the total collapse education schools or vocational
training centre, which sprang up some years back.
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This
study will be of great importance to this development of new and old schools of
vocational and technical education in Edo state. This study will also
contribute immensely to the exploration of the vocation education in schools in
Edo state and suggest possible solution to the problems identified.
More
so it will be significant to heads and director of the existing vocation and
technical education schools because it will expose other unnecessary roles and
problems that led to the total collapse of subsequent vocational and technical
schools in order to avoid them and ensure efficiency and maximum prosperity.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following research questions was asked for the purpose of identifying inherent
obstacles towards the attainment of the above.
1.
Is
non-availability of finance affecting the development of vocational education
in the state.
2.
Is
vocational education really helping individual to be self-reliance?
3.
Are
inadequate infrastructural facilities affecting the development of vocational
education?
4.
Is
government impacting vocational education really helping teachers and students?
5.
Is
non-availability of staff or teachers affecting the development of vocational
education?
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Vocational education is the activities, which aim at acquiring the skills,
knowledge and attitudes that are required for employment in a particular
occupation. Is also a form of education that promotes and encourages the
dignity of labour and related competences.
Vocational education also offers opportunities for gainful employment even
without further studies after junior and senior secondary school.
The
National Policy of Education of 1998 defined vocational education as that form
of education which is obtainable at the technical college which is equivalent
to the senior education but designed education to prepare individual to acquire
skills.
Vocational education is also concern with activities, which aim at acquiring
the skills, knowledge which also requires craft man.
Economic development
Economic development means more than economic growth, therefore economic
development refers to an increase (or expansion) of the national income or
total volume of production of goods and services of a country accompanied by
improvement in the social, political and economic lives of the people
inhabiting that country.
The
vocational education in economic development is also concern with occupations
or a function in a field of economic activity including business, agriculture,
hotel, catering, fine and applied arts, tourist industries, private and public
services etc.
In
this regard, vocational education is regarded as the experience gained directly
or indirectly, which enables one to participate in a useful and social
occupation either in or out of school at various levels and to be sufficiently
equipped to become an intelligent consumer of goods and services.
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