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AN ILLUSTRATION OF TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE IN
NNEWI SILK SCREEN PRINT
ABSTRACT
This special
project deals thoroughly with the traditional marriage ceremonies in
Nnewi. Chapter one gives an introduction to the topic while the rest of
the chapters deals with literature review, research problems, approaches,
objectives and limitation of the study.
Chapter two
gives a detailed account of marriage in Nnewi. It discusses Bride price
in Nnewi and types of marriages obtainable.
Chapter two
gives a picturesque description of the processes and ritual involves in
marriage ceremonies and then deals with the functions of marriages.
Chapter four
deals with the steps taken in executing the practical aspect of the project
which is screen printing. It also deals with the
materials used. The conclusion and prospects collabs
the findings of the chapters and suggests areas of further inquiry and
interest. The entire above make up the body of this
special
project.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE:
Introduction
Setting
1.1
Literature Review
1.2
Research Problems
1.3
Research Approaches
1.4
Research Objective
1.5
Scope / Limitation
CHAPTER TWO
1.1
Traditional Marriage in Nnewi
1.2
Bride – Price in Nnewi
1.3
Types of Marriage That Exist in Nnewi
CHAPTER THREE
3.1
Stages of Marriage in Nnewi
3.2
Functions of Marriage in Nnewi
CHAPTER FOUR
Screen Printing Preparation
4.0 Choices of Screen and Frame
4.1 Mounting of Screen on Frame
1.1
Transfer of Stencil to the Screen
1.2
Preparation of the Diuapositive
1.3
Development of Screen on the Box coating of
the screen with
photosentive Emulsion
1.4
The Printing method
1.5
Choice of printing method in relation to design
1.6
The printing paste
1.7
Preparation of Fabric and printing table
1.8
Printing Proper
1.9
Finishing Treatment
Conclusion and prospects
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Among the Igbo’s of
Nigeria marriage is a sacred institution A man or woman is to be regarded to
have finally landed when he or she marries.
Marriage institution is
held with a high respect and infant, it dominates most of the Igbo art and
custom, hence it is regarded as the foundation of the whole social structure.
Nnewi in Anambra state is a town that best illustrated this believes of Igbos.
In Nnewi, there are six main stages in the sanctification of traditional
marriage. The first stage is “Iju Ase”ie making Engines. It is followed by
“Inyo Uno” and then “Ika Igba nkwu”. Then the most important event which is
“Igba Nkwu proper. This involves a lot of celebration and marry making. Igba-
Nkwu” is followed by “Ika Idu- Uno” and then “Idu- Uno”proper. “Idu-uno is
another important event in the stage of traditional marriage celebration.
The final stage is “Onodu
Apuilo, This is a remarkable period of confinement of the bride in a fathering
room called “Ulo Mgbde”. She is giving all sorts of delicacies so that she will
be fatten up. The body then richly treated regularly with local cosmetics,
Uhie”. These designs are meant to beautify then newly married woman. As already
stated Igbo- Nkwo” is the most important ceremony in the traditional marriage
celebration and it is usually travel from different parts of the country in
other to grace the occasion and rejoice with the marring couple. Care of
children, the main tarriance of the household and the cultural imposed needs of
the family.
An topologists commonly
distinguish three form of marriage: polygamy, the marriage of one man to two or
more woman, monogamy, the marriage of one man to one woman and polygamy, the
marriage o one woman to two or more men. Most cultures provide means for the
dissolution of marriage. It is ordinary expected that those who may intend the
union to be Life long and not just a ternary affair to be broken off at the
whim of one or the other partner. Among the Igbo’s of Nigeria marriage is a
sacred institution. A man or a woman is to be regarded as to have finally
landed when he or She marries. In the Igbo traditional society, a man’s wealth
is in the number of wives he has. Nnewi in Anambra state is a town that best
illustrates this believes of the Igbo’s.
1.1
SETTING:
(i)
ORIGIN OF NNEWI
According to oral tradition the Nnewi people
migrated from Nri and settled in the present area they now occupy.
This lead to the establishment of four
villages in Nnewi, namely Otolo, Uruagu, Umudim and Ichi.
(ii)
LOCATION:
Nnewi is
located in both Nnewi south and North local government area of Anambra
State. Nnewi is bounded by Ihiala, Oba, Nnobi and Amaichi. It is
located in the Guinea Savana area, hence the heavy rainfalls and thick forest.
(iii)
COSMOLOGY
This means the
people’s belief system. Traditionally most Nnewi people are subsistent
farmers and livestock rearers. They farm solely to cater for their
immediate and extended families.
1.2
LITERATURE REVIEW:
There
is no direct reference to traditional marriages in Nnewi from available
literature. Since direct evidence for studies on traditional marriages in
Nnewi is not available only indirect evidence will be used.
Gladstone
(1993), discussed the functions, types and the social rules of marriages in
Onitsha as well s the processes involved. The same is also true of
Ikechukwu (1990) who analyzed the family in the Igbo system. Emenike
(1982) discusses the Igba Nkwu in the marriage tradition of the
Igbos. These Igbo speaking areas share basically the same
traditional system as the ‘Nnewi people. Others have treated generally,
the marriage celebration in their locality.
Alan
Beals (1985) discusses aspects of African view on marriage pointing out the
function, types and social views. He views marriages as a contract between
kin groups. Yonina Talmon (1985) discusses mate selection in collective
settlement. He pointed out factors influencing mate selection and
values. Ottanberg (1978) exams cultures and societies of Africa pointing
out the social values of marriage.
Basden
(1921) discusses aspects of Igbo marriages. Ifeoma focusses on the family
as a social institution in the Igbo traditional society, including a discussion
on the functions of the family, types and formation of the family. Cole
and Aniakor (1934) did a broad survey of arts of the individual to that of the
family, to the family and the cosmos.
From
the above, one can come to the conclusion that functions, types and victuals
involved kin the marriages in Nnewi is still untapped in terms of available
literature and from these, research problems can be stated.
1.3
RESEARCH PROBLEMS;
Traditional
marriage in Nnewi as well as in the whole Igbo land is seriously affected by
the introduction of European system of marriage namely court marriage and
church wedding. This has resulted to the extent that some just go to the
court and sign the marriage register and are regarded as being married.
There
is also a factor like poor orientation of our people atomization of the faint
and differences in what the people regarded as being the tradition.
1.4
RESEARCH APPROACHES:
The
approach used in this research includes functional and historical
approaches. The rational is to analyze the different ceremonies/rituals
involved in marriages and then examine the functions and it’s social value.
Marriages
ceremonies in different parts of Nnewi were at tended in order to have first
hand information.
Lastly,
primary sources contributed greatly to this work because a lot of oral
interviews were carried out.
1.5
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
The
whole research was aimed at bringing to light the value which the Nnewi people
in particular and the Igbo people in general attach to the Igba-nkwu ceremony.
As
one of the most important stage in the traditional marriages it is therefore
very important that it should be recorded and preserved for posterity.
Textile
printing is one of the media through which an event of this nature could be
permanently preserved and this is why the printing of a suitable cloth for the
couples celebrating the :Igba-nkwu” was under taken.
This
written aspect of the project is intended to clarify the practical aspect.
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