A STUDY ON THE STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS IN NIGERIA (A STUDY OF SOME SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN ENUGU STATE)
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A
STUDY ON THE STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS IN NIGERIA
(A
STUDY OF SOME SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN ENUGU STATE)
ABSTRACT
This research work is aimed at finding
out the strategies for managing environmental factors in Nigerian business
organizations. A total number of one thousand employee which include the
workers and top management staff.
Questionnaire was the major instrument
used in collecting data from the sample size of the population in conjunction with
personal interviews, while the content of the questionnaires were presented and
analysed using simple tables and percentages, the two hypothetical questions
were tested using the chi-square statistical tool.
The following findings were made, that
goal attainment is affected by environmental uncertainty. Business
environment has an impact on manufacturing firms productivity and that
strategic planning management of business environmental uncertainty.
Based on the findings, it was concluded
that effective strategic planning is vital in the management of business
environmental uncertainty, which hinders the organizational performance and
productivities.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Abstract
Table of contents
List of table
List Figures
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background
of the study
1.1 Statement of the problem
1.2 Objective
of the study
1.3 Research
questions
1.4 Research
hypothesis
1.5 Significance
of the study
1.6 Delimitation/scope
of the study
1.7 Definition
of terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature
of review
2.1 historical overview
2.2 Sources
of strategy
2.3 Types
of strategies
2.4 Importance
of strategies
2.5 Criteria
for effective strategy
2.6 Strategic
management process
2.7 Business
strategy and business environment
2.8 Environmental
consideration for business strategy
2.9 External
business environment
Chapter three
3.0 Introduction
to the chapter
3.1 research methodology
3.2 Area
of study
3.3 Population
of the study
3.4 Sample
size determination
3.5 Instrument
for data collection
3.6 Validation
of the instrument
3.7 Reliability
of the instrument
3.8 Method
of data collection
3.9 Method
of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Introduction
4.1
Analysis of research question
4.2 Test
of hypothesis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary
of findings conclusion and recommendations
5.1 summary of findings
5.2 Recommendation
5.3 Implication
of the research results
5.4 Suggestion
for further research
Bibliography
Questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
The environment is a major source of
uncertainly to a business manager, and as such both influences the design of
any organisation and the configuration of organizational structure.
Therefore, without a thorough analysis
of the environment, a manager finds it almost impossible to make important
operational decisions in his organization, which are vital in the attainment of
various business objectives.
Hence no business organization can
operate successfully in isolation, it has to exist and operate within an
environment where there is complex interplay between human resources, material
resources and other system. This creates the opportunities, threats and
problems for the management.
Imaga (1996:40) said, we ought to
realize that an organisation is an integral part of it environment and that
they are mutually interdependent where the environment plays the role of
providing the resources and opportunities to organisation for its existence,
and the organisation in turn, offers its goods and services to the people
living in its environment.
Fayol (1949:43) said that of all
the basic functions of management such as planning, organizing, commanding,
co-ordinating and controlling, planning is the most important and yet the most
difficult responsibilities of management. This is because when goals and
objectives have been determined, the next step is to choose the methods,
approaches and or strategies of attaining them. All when and how this is
to be done is for the planner.
However, plans alone cannot ensure success
of an organization; this is because organization operates in has a big or vital
role to play in the success of the organization.
Stanner (1998:207) observed that the
most important sole influence on organizational policy and strategy is the
environment, both within and outside the organisation. The more complex,
turbulent and dynamic an environment becomes, the greater the impact on human
altitudes, organizational structure and process, therefore since the
environment is very complex, all organizations should direct its attention to
their environment when formulating their strategic management policies, to
facilitate their survival.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM
There is a vital need to map out a
strategy, which will enable a business organization to operate successfully in
its ever-changing environment. The environment, which business
organizations operate in, is highly complex, turbulence, dynamic, therefore all
organization, large or small for survival, should pay more attention to their
environment more than ever before when formulating and implementing
organizational policies and strategies.
Chairman, “John Holt” in the year 2000
Annual Report said “the Nigerian economic environment during this year
witnessed unsatisfactory growth rate high rate of unemployment, low industrial
output, coupled with poor demand. Energy crisis continued an unabated
supply of petroleum product was epileptic; serious bottlenecks were thus
created in the production processes culminating in increased operating cost.
Electricity supply from NEPA was too disruptive; our operating units were
forced to reply heavily on power generating facilities at exorbitant cost of
diesel.
Kazmu (1992:05) over the relationship
between industry and government stated that the industry after blames the
government for exercising excessive control through plethora of rules and
regulations. Consequently, how to pinpoint the right strategies at the
right time, constitutes a problem to various organizations. This research
will therefore investigate the following;
-
The
impact of business environment if not properly managed.
-
The
process of formulating of policies and strategies for proper management of the
environment.
-
The
right strategies and the appropriate time to apply them.
1.3 PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
This
study will focus on the strategies adapted by manufacturing organizations in
Enugu state in managing environmental factors. The aims are as follows:-
-
To
identify major environmental factors that creates opportunities and threats for
the manufacturing organizations.
-
To
determine who and which department is responsible for strategies planning.
-
To
examine strategies adopted in relation to the environmental factors.
-
To
examine the processes of strategic planning used and its relationship with
environmental information in organizations.
-
To
determine the impact of business environment in organizational attainment of
objectives.
-
Proffer
solutions as to some other possible ways, which these organization can adopt in
changing business environmental factors.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTION
1.
Is there major environmental factors that create opportunities and threats for
the manufacturing organizations?
2. What departments
in organization are responsible for strategic planning?
3.
What strategies can be adopted in solving the problems of environmental factors
uncertainly?
4.
Which processes of strategic planning can be used to respond to the
environmental information in an organisaiton.
5.
Does the business environmental factor uncertainty affect or influence the
attainment of organizational objectives?
6.
Are there any other solution or ways, which the problem of environmental factor
on business can be tackled?
1.5 HYPOTHESIS
HYPOTHESIS 1
H0: Organizational productivity
and performance is not dependent on environmental factors.
H1:
Organizational productivity and performance is dependent on environmental
factors.
HYPOTHESIS
11
H0: There is no significant
association between strategic planning and environmental factors.
H1:
There is a significant association between strategic planning and environmental
factors.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The study will provide an insight into
the problems of environmental factors uncertainty on manufacturing firms, and
strategies with which to manage the problem. The following benefits will
be derived from the study:-
-
Thorough
understanding of the environmental factors in which policies are made.
-
Knowledge
of varieties of strategies and when to apply them in policy formation and
implementation.
-
Insight
into the problems, threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strength in
competitive business environment.
1.7 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The use of manufacturing firms limits
the application of the findings that emerged from the research work to other
manufacturing organization, since the findings can be generalized due to the
fact that every organization has its own unique environment.
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