AN EXAMINATION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF BUSINESS STUDIES IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOL
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AN EXAMINATION OF
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF BUSINESS STUDIES IN THE
SECONDARY SCHOOL, A CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN EGOR LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
This study investigated an examination
of instructional materials in the teaching and learning of Business Studies in
Secondary Schools in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. This
questionnaire each was administered to the eight secondary schools. It was
fo9und that instructional materials promoted the teaching learning process.
This means that the study of Business Studies will like the subject the more
when instructional materials are used. It has been discovered from the result
that majority of the business studies teachers and students should appreciate
the importance use of the instructional materials based on those who is finding
it difficult to understand, it is recommended that the selection of the
appropriate materials, instructional materials should be selected according to
the purpose of a particular lesson.
Instructional materials must be attractive and introduced at the beginning of
the lesson the government should provide enough instructional materials for the
teaching and learning of Business Studies and also the teachers should develop
the ability of using instructional materials in most the lesson if not all.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter
One
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 History of
Instructional Materials
1.3 Statement of the
problem
1.4 Purpose of the study
1.5 Significance of the
study
1.6 Scope of the study
1.7 Limitations of the
study
Chapter
Two
Literature Review
Chapter
three
3.1
Research
Design
3.2
Sample
area or scope of the study
3.3
Sample
subject
3.4
Sample
techniques
3.5
Validity
and Reliability
3.6
Administration
of the instrument
3.7
Method of
data analysis
Chapter
Four
4.1 Analysis of data
interpretation and discussion
Chapter
Five
5.1
Summary
5.2
Recommendations
5.3
Conclusion
Bibliography
Questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
The project discusses how secondary
school teachers can enhance their classroom performance through the
identification and effective utilization of appropriate instructional
materials. The ability of the teacher to educate does not depend only on the
possession of the relevant knowledge at a given time but the use of good
instructional materials appropriate to the needs of t he students. The idea of
using instructional materials to enhance teaching and learning is not new, as
Greek geometers draw diagrams on sand, Jesus Christ used parable which were
story illustration that helped his listeners to understand his message (Obujes
Obudu Journal of Education Studies Vol. No 1 July 1992).
Instructional materials can be seen as
those materials, which aids the teacher in teaching his/her lesson in the
class. Instructional materials of curriculum materials were succinctly defined
by Oyejemezi (1981) as all the available materials, which appeal to all the
sense and feeling and aid learning. Instructional materials are tools ranging
from most elementary and home made device to highly complex machines designed
to help teachers cope with specific teaching needs and proffer solutions to
them for a teacher to administer instructional materials in teaching, there
must be the presence of students who are ready to learn.
The use of instructional materials is very essential and school lacking the
necessary materials, for teaching, do not reasonably achieve its objective.
What the effectiveness of teaching possible is not only the quality of teacher
but also equipment and materials that will aid the teacher and students
performance. Some instructional materials can be drawn and module by the
students, hence it promotes fast learning. Studies on teacher education and use
of instructional materials have been out and reported by several investigators
including those of Lynne (1982) Agun and Okunrotifa (1977), Agun (1999) and
Agun (1986) pointed out the need for development of skills by teachers
undergoing their training so that they could be able to use a wide variety of
instructional materials sufficiently well.
Learning aids are instructional materials and devices through which teaching
and learning are done in school examples of learning aids include visual aids,
audio-visual aids, real objects and many others. The visual aids are designed
materials that may be locally made or commercially produced. They come in form
of wall chart, illustrated pictures, pictorial materials and other two
dimensional objects. It is interesting to note that a large percentage of
trained teachers and those undergoing professional training course can teach
with some of the learning aids they do so consciously because they known that
the use have positive effect on learning out comes as their cognate experience
during teaching practice supervision reveals.
Some investigators claim that whenever they taught with some of the learning
aids their students gets more stimulated because the learning aids help them
(students) to become more attentive. In addition, students positive attitude
generate more interest for the lesson they teach as a result students
participate better in class activity.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Egor Local Government was formerly a part of Oredo Local Government until 1996
when it was carried out by the Sanni Abacha Administration. It has its head
quarters at Uselu. The communities in Egor include Uselu, Egor, Uwelu, Ugbowo,
Iguosa, Osakwe, Egor and Ogunwenyi.
Tourism attractions include the university of Benin and its Teaching Hospitals,
Grown Status, Bronze, Brass work and Terro Coffees.
Natural resources/Industrial Raw
Materials include Cassava, Yam, Pepper, Tomatoes, Vegetables, Pineapple,
rubber, Clary, Kaolin and Timber.
The infrastructure in the local
government include electricity good network of roads, potable water, telephone
and other tele communications facilities.
Health services are provided by
public and primary health centres public and private hospital clinics and
maternity homes. The university of Benin Teaching Hospital, the best. In the
state is located in the local government.
The local government has one of
the highest concentrations of educational institution in Edo State. Public and
private institutions of learning abound in the local government. The university
of Benin, a federal university, the first in Nigeria is located in the Local
Government Area.
1.2
HISTORY
OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
Much of the foundation of the
field of instructional design was laid in World War II, when the US military
faced the need to rapidly train large number of people to perform complex
technical task, from fieldstripping a carbine to navigating across the ocean to
building a bomber. After the (World War II) the success of the wartime training
model was replicated in business and industrial training and to a lesson extent
in the secondary classroom. Benjamin Bloom (1955) published an influential
taxonomy of what he termed the three domains of learning. Cognitive (what we
know or think), Psychomotor (what we do, physically) and Affective (What we
feel, or what attitude we have). This taxonomy still influences the design of
instructional materials.
Instructional materials as
defined in education code section 60010(L) provide instruction designed to
ensure that students master all the business studies contents standards for the
installed grade level.
1.3
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
The researcher intends to examine
the following areas:
1.
Importance
of instructional materials to the academic.
2.
Performance
of secondary school students
3.
Identification
and selection of appropriate instructional materials.
4.
Guidelines
for effective use of instructional materials.
1.4
PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
For the purpose of this study,
the researcher will
1.
Analyze
the needs or importance of teaching aids/instructional materials in the
teaching learning process.
2.
Find out
if the schools are properly equipped with various instructional materials.
3.
Find out
if the teacher uses available teaching aids/instructional materials when
teaching their subjects.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This study is significant because
it will enable teachers to realize and appreciate the importance of
instructional materials and guide them in the selection of appropriate and
suitable materials for effective teaching/learning process.
It is also aimed at helping the
teachers to know that instructional materials stimulates children’s interest in
learning and helps them to recollect what they have been taught.
1.6
SCOPE OF
THE STUDY
This study will be carried out in
six secondary schools in Egor Local Government area of Edo State which have
been selected randomly those are:
1.
Uselu
Secondary School
2.
Use
Secondary School
3.
Egor
Secondary School
4.
Uwelu
Secondary School
5.
Evbareke
Secondary School
6.
Federal
Grils College
7.
Adolor
Secondary Schools.
8.
Iyoba
Girls College.
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