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CONSTRUCTION OF HEAT
EXCHANGER FABRICATION OF A TUBE
AND SHELL HEAT EXCHANGER SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
There are two methods of constructing heat exchangers: Plate type.
Parallel flow-the hot fluid and the coolant flow in the same direction.
Counter flow:- The
hot fluid and the coolant flow in opposite direction. Cross flow: The hot
fluid and the coolant flow at 90 angles (perpendicular) to each other.
The four heat exchanger parts identified were. Tube sheet shell Baffles
single- pass heat exchangers have fluids that pass each other only once.
Multipass that exchangers have fluids that pass each other more than once
through the use of a tubes and baffles.
Regenerative heat exchangers use the same fluid for heating and cooling.
Non-regenerative heat exchangers use separate fluids for heating and cooling
process.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
CHAPTERS
1.
INTRODUCTION
2.
LITERATURE SURVEY
3.
FABRICATION
PROCEDURE
4.
DISCUSSION
5.
CONCLUSION
6.
COSTING
7.
RECOMMENDATION
8.
REFERENCES
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Heat exchanger is a
device whose primary purpose is the transfer of energy between fluids.
(J.R. Welty and R.E Witson Fundamentals of momentary heat and mass transfer 2nd
edition 1975).
There are many types
of heat exchangers, namely shell-and-tube exchanger, tubular and plate
exchangers, the spiral plate heat exchanger etc.
In industrial
processes, heat energy is transferred by a variety of methods which includes
conduction as in electric resistance, waters, conduction as in exchangers,
boilers and condensers, radiation as in furnace, radiant heat dryers and by
special method such as electric heating.
The heat exchanger is
a very important unit or system in small scale industries and also in process
industries that their design has been highly developed. Designers of heat
exchanger must be constantly aware of the difference between the idealized
condition for and the real conditions of the mechanical expressions of their
design and its environment. The result must satisfy process operational
requirements (such as availability flexibility and maintainability) and do so
economically. The most common material for heat exchanger is carbon
steel.
Using the simple
shell and tube heat exchanger in explain the process. Hot liquid flows
through the tube and cold and more viscous liquid flows through the
shell. The two liquids are collected and cooled by the forced convective
air which is supplied by the fan. The shell side and tube side heat
transfer coefficient are of comparable important and both must be large if a
satisfactory overall coefficient is to be attained. The velocity and
turbulence of the shell side liquids are as important as those of the tube side
flow.
The purpose of this
project is to constraint an efficient heat exchangers system which on
reasonable basic will help in carrying out heat transfer operation in our
laborating and in small scale industries. Cost of materials and labour is
well as time were considered.
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