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construction of propeller agitator
ABSTRACT
The construction of
propeller agitator used for agitating and mixing of low viscous fluid was
fabricated in the mechanical workshop of the institute of management and
technology Enugu.
In the construction, galvanized
mild steel was chosen due to its inherent properties. After procurement,
the following constructional operations were carried out; working drawing,
marking, center punching folding, welding and finally subjected to finishing
touched of the mixer which was sand papering and painting for beautification
and corrosion resistance.
The shape and form of the mixer
were from the formulation of the different components which are shaft height
530mm, blade diameter = 280mm, vessel diameter = 315mm, vessel height =, 36mm,
length of buffle 300mm.
The constructed agitator has a
high efficiency when subjected to test comparable to those produced
industrially. The estimated rate of rotation in Vpm.
The cost of the mixer is however
minimized due to the preferred choice of the raw materials and method of
fabrication. Although this approach did not compromise in any form the
efficiency of the mixer. It can therefore be used for small scale
industries and laboratories.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Scope and objective of project
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature
survey
2.1
Historical review of mixing / mixers
2.2
Theory of mixing
2.3
Types of
mixers
2.4
Purpose of mixing
2.5
Mixer effectiveness and mixing index
2.6
Mixing degree
2.7
Mixing rate
2.8
Power consumption
2.9
Material for construction
CHAPTER THREE
3.1
Fabrication procedure
3.2
Analysis / maintenance
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1
Cost analysis
4.2
Discussion
4.3
Recommendation
4.4
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
In unit operation,
mixing of two or more substances have posed difficulty in chemical engineering
process. Because of the problem encountered during the process.
Industrial equipment are being designed from experience rather than the
fundamental theory because of the high dependency on the effective mixing of
fluids and solids in unit operation process.
The term mixing, is applied in
preparation of uniform combination of two or more material, which may differ in
degree of homogeneity of mixed material. The product from the process may
be homogenous or heterogeneous.
In most chemical industries,
factories even homes, two or more substances are expected to be properly mixed
for a specific purpose. To enhance these process, experimental agitation
were developed to serve a broad practical and basic fluid mixing
problems. In process operation, he action of agitation enable one to
predict the performance of a full equipment or help in establishing more
general correlation in fundamental studies.
The application of propeller
agitator is common in low viscous liquid which is commonly used in
confectionary industries, liquid food drinks e.g five-alive, bottled drinks and
canned beer.
Mixing machine (propeller
egitator) is therefore indispensable to humanity and nutrition based
industries. However, varied method of material mixing are applicable in
some cultural setting to form a homogenous product.
There are varieties of mixers,
but in selecting a mixer for a purpose, some basic factors are put into
consideration such as process requirements, equipment cost, flow properties of
the process fluid. The constructional material to achieve high level and
the equipment chosen to meet all purpose requirements. A good mixer is
however the one which provides a well mixed product at lowest cost.
1.1
SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The scope/objective of constructing
a propeller agitator that is versatile in application in small scale,
laboratory and domestic purpose which is usually of low viscous fluid.
From literature survey on mixing
constructed propeller agitator is not used for continuous process. The components
which are shaft blade and the impeller are for effective mixing.
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