EFFECT OF CONDOM IN PREVENTING SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES AMONG THE YOUTHS OF BENIN CITY, EDO STATE
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EFFECT OF
CONDOM IN PREVENTING SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES AMONG THE YOUTHS OF BENIN
CITY, EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
This
study was conducted at the College of Education, Ekiadolor – Benin, Edo State
of youths towards condom use. A total of 200 youth drawn from this
community and some youth who were also involved in this great institution of
this study.
The
questionnaire designed by the writer was used to elicit information. The
implication drawn from this finding is that the likelihood of using condoms in
sexually activities will also be attended with such ambivalence and
complacency, thus creating a fertile ground for the spread of HIV/AIDS.
In
view of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, it is suggested that there should be mass media
with particular emphasis on utilization of acquired skills. There is also
the need for a renewed sense of commitment towards dissemination of sex related
information by parents to their children wards to ensure an improved
attitudinal disposition towards condom use.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
1.6 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS\
1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY
1.8 LIMITATION OF STUDY
1.9
DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER
TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 DEFINITIONS OF YOUNG ADULTS
2.2 SEX EDUCATION
2.3 SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG ADULTS
2.4 SEX BEHAVIOUR OF YOUNG ADULTS
2.5
HEALTH HAZARDS INHERENT IN PROMISCUOUS SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
2.6
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES AMONG YOUNG ADULTS
2.7
CONDOM USE
2.8
ATTITUDE TOWARDS CONDOM USE
2.9
IDEOLOGICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONDOM USE
2.10
GENDER AND CONDOM USE
2.11
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER
THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1
STUDY DESIGN
3.2
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.3
SAMPLE OF SAMPLING METHOD
3.4
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.5
VALIDITY OF THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.6
RELIABILITY OF THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.7
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.8
ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED
CHAPTER
FOUR
DATA
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
The
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has contributed immensely
to the present focus on sex education and reproductive health programmes its
all encompassing consequences, which include health, social and economic
implication is of particular relevance to youths. This is because AIDS
afflicts the age range, which constitutes the working class of any nation.
In
many African countries, HIV prevalence4 levels are high among youths. It
has been reported that more than half of all new infections occur in young
people (Henry, 1993). The association of young persons to reproductive
health problems is closely related to their increased exposure to the world
proneness to experimentation and peer pressure.
According to Kim (2001) they are particularly at risk because the society does
not provide for them. The information, skills, health services and
support they need to make well informed and responsible decisions about their
sexual behaviour.
Osoh
(2001) noted that students in tertiary educational institutions are among the
adolescents whose sexuality and reproductive health practices have been
neglected in past research, most to the discourse on tertiary educational
institution have heavily rested on contributions to the labour force and
students militancy. Despite this obvious neglect, it is evident that
society is particularly susceptible to the consequences of sexual activities of
groups and individuals, which include unintended pregnancy, sexually
transmitted diseases (STDS) including HIV/AIDS and other reproductive health
problems.
The
onset of sexual activity has become progressively earlier in a survey by
the population reference Burearu (2001) of nine Sub-Shara African countries at
least half of the young people surveyed has had sex before the age of 18
years. This trend may be traced to the erosion of traditional African
values which place emphasis on chastity and encourages marriage at an early
age, particularly for girls. Additionally the adoption of Western
cultures, which have more permissive attitude to sexual issues have contributed
to the liberal attitude to sex and increased sexual activity by the Nigerian
youth (Feyisetan, 1987).
As at
1991 it as estimated that 70% of all global HIV infections were estimated to
have spread by sexual intercourse between men and women. It is also
believed that 80% of all infections resulted from heterosexual intercourse by
the year 2000.
Existing data have shown a lower condom use in the developing world. This
difference has been attributed to the higher, actual or perceived risk of
sexually transmitted infective (STIS) by men in the developing work (Blane et
al 1996).
A
family planning survey carried out in 1994 by the Federal Office of statistics
in Nigeria showed that only 36% of the adult population believed that there is
protection against AIDS. The immediate implications of this finding is
that most men are not likely to use condom since they do not believe it provide
protection (Gyepi-Gerbah 1985).
Although prevention through behaviour change has been identified as a viable
route in curtailing the spread of AIDS, current efforts neglect this important
area, for instance, inspite of the relative low cost and safety of condoms they
are rarely used even among high risk persons. Notable attitudinal barrier
towards the condom stern from the belief that they are insensitive, unnatural,
meant for only promiscuous persons, may offend partner, inability to predict
sexual activity, poor perception of risk etc.
No
doubt, reproductive health problems contribute significantly to the morbidity
of the African youth. A necessary step towards the improvement of quality
of life must emphasize preventive strategies such as condom use to curtail the
spread of the deadly AIDS which has no cure.
In
the light of the foregoing, there exists a need to evaluate the attitude of the
Nigeria youth towards condom use. The attitudinal disposition serves as a
predictor to the probability of condom use in new of intervention strategies.
1.2 STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
Since
prevention is the only viable option left to cure the AIDS pandemic, prevention
strategies must have a clear objective, special attention must be given to
young person because this group is prone to experimentations with its attendant
consequences.
Additionally, young persons represent the present as well as the future;
therefore adequate prevention strategies must be given a high premium. In
this regard, the attitude towards condom use becomes relevant as this can guide
the course of STIS, and consequent spread of the deadly disease.
This
study therefore seeks of examine the following problems critically:
1. what will be the several
attitude towards condom use?
2. will student attitude
towards condom use be determined by gender?
3. will student attitude
towards condom use determined by use?
4.
will student’s attitude towards condom use be
determined by family types?
5.
will students attitude towards condom use be
determined by level of study?
6.
will students attitude towards condom use be
determined by residence?
1.3 PURPOSE OF
THE STUDY
The
study seeks to determine students attitude towards condom. Its specific
objectives are to investigate if there will be any difference among students of
the College of Education, Ekiadolor toward condom use as determined by
a. Gender
b. Age
c. Level of study
d. Type of family
e. Residence
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
This
research is geared towards finding solution to the effect of condom in
preventing STD and the following will be asked.
1.
Is the acceptability and attitude towards the
use of condoms different in male and females?
2.
Do the older people accept the use of condoms
more than the younger ones?
3. Do condoms offer reliable
contraceptives?
4.
Do the people believe that without the use of
condom they can contact sexually transmitted diseases (STD)?
5. Do the company in charge
produced quality condom?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF STUDY
The
study is of utmost importance and relevance in the face of the threat posed by
the AIDS pandemic.
Secondly, youths fall victim, the age category of persons at risk by virtue of
their age and proneness to experimentation and sexual activity.
In
view of the high premium placed on preventive strategies in the fight against
AIDS, the need to evaluate young persons attitude towards a safer sex device
like condom becomes very necessary.
1.6 BASIC
ASSUMPTIONS
It is
assumed that youths by virtue of their youthfulness and early onset of sexual
activity in sub-Sharan Africa will be sexually active, it is also assumed that
youths who are after sex associated with a tendancy towards experimentation and
seeking immediate gratification will not like to adopt safer-sex practices like
condom use thus escalating the AIDS pandemic.
1.7 SCOPE OF
STUDY
This
study is primary to carryout research on the effect of condom in preventing
sexually transmitted diseases among the youths of Benin City. The focus
of the researcher will be on Ekiadolor community and the school will be College
of Education, Ekiadolor – Benin City. 100 youths will only be used in
this researcher work.
The
formular for calculation is expressed below.
R X
100
N
1
where R = Respondents
N = total number of respondents
100 = percentage
1.9 DEFINTION OF
TERMS
Condom: A rubber sheath used
as a male contraceptive device as well is a protective device against STDS.
Attitude: An enduring
disposition held towards an object or person, which could be favourable or
unfavosurable.
Safer Sex: The herence to
strategies that reduce the probability of STIS and HIV transmission.
Pandemic: Pandemic is a
disease occurring in a wide country or world wide
Reproduction health: Reproductive
health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the
reproductive system.
HIV: HIV means Human Immune
Deficiency Virus
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