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EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE AMONG SCHOOL
CHILDREN AND THE ROLES OF TEACHERS AND PARENTS
ABSTRACT
The main statement of problem is
that drug abuse has become more pervasive among school children. It is against
this background that a study or research on drug abuse among school children
especially in secondary school became invaluable to the society. Hence the
attempt to study drug abuse among students in secondary school. Also, the
effect on both the victim and the society is enormous. From the research
findings, some other factors that contribute to drug abuse were revealed. These
factors include the nature of the society, parental drug habits and more
importantly, the culture of the people. Based on these findings, some
recommendations were made.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter One
Introduction
Statement of problem
Hypothesis
Purpose of study
Significance of the study
Scope of the study
Limitations of the study
Chapter Two
Review of literature
Reference
Chapter Three
Methodology
Introduction
Population of study
Research instrument
Data analysis
Questionnaires
Chapter Four
Analysis of data discussion of result
Hypothesis 1
Hypothesis 2
Hypothesis 3
Chapter Five
Findings
Summary
Recommendations
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Drug
abuse may be defined as over dependence or excessive use of or misuse of
chemical substances to achieve a certain effect with or without medical
diagnosis. They also may be drugs obtained with a prescription, used for
pleasure rather than for medical reasons.
According to world book medical encyclopedia, drug abuse is the harmful use of
mind altering drugs. It added that the term usually refers to problem with
illegal drugs which also include harmful use of legal prescription drugs such
as in self medication.
Godman and Gilman (1960) define drug abuse as the use of drug usually by self
administration of any drug in a manner that deviates from the approved medical
pattern or within a written culture.
Amunonye (1979) defines drug as a substance which by its chemical nature has an
effect upon the body or the higher nervous system (the mind). Therefore, many
substances not usually thought of as drugs covered by this definition include
caffine, nicotine, alcohol, household chemicals and pollutants.
It is
important to note that drug abuse is not contained simply to the abuse of
dangerous drugs like narcotics-opium, heroine etc but also the abuse of
panadol, codeine, antibiotics, laxatives etc in other words every substance
apart from food is a drug and must therefore be regarded as being detrimental
to health if not taken under proper medical advice or used correctly
accordingly to medical prescription.
Almost everybody in this country either knowingly or unknowingly is guilty of
drug abuse. An anxious mother seeing that her child has frequent stooling,
instead on taking the child to the hospital, goes to the chemist and buy an
antibiotic syrup and gives to the child because such medication was prescribed
for a friends child who had similar problem such mother is guilty of drug
abuse. She might have given an over dose of the drug which will result in
health hazards of the child.
According Ebie and Pela (1980) the Nigerian society does not usually frown at
the abuse of drugs which does not produce over behavioural changes. The
primitive people recognized the use of tobacco, native brewed drinks, cocoa
leave and kolanuts to provide pleasurable relief of pain, fatigue and hunger
but never realized they were abusing drugs.
Different drugs have different effects some, such as cocaine or
methamphetamine, may produce an intense “rush” and initial feeli9ng of
boundless energy. Others such as heroine, benzodiazepines or the prescription
oxycontin may produce excessive feelings of relaxation and calm. What most
drugs have in common though is over stimulation of the pleasure centre of the
brain. With time the brain’s chemistry is actually altered to the point where
not having the drug becomes extremely uncomfortable and even painful. This compelling
urge to used, addition, becomes more and more powerful, disrupting work,
relationships and health.
Prescription drug abuse is just as dangerous as street drug use. When used
appropriately, prescription drugs in the opiate family, such as vicodin
(hydrocodone) and oxycontin, are often prescribed for chronic pain or recovery
from surgery. Benzodiazaphines, such as valium or xanax are prescribed to treat
anxiety. The problem arises when these drugs begin to be used “off label”.
Furthermore,
prescription drugs provide an easy point to other family members susceptible to
abuse.
Unpleasant youthful activities are widespread in Nigeria and all over Africa to
the extent that they have been giving a lot of concern to the government and
general public. In primary schools, peer engage in organized crimes and disrupt
normal academic programmes. In secondary schools and most Nigerian
universities, the activities of secret cults are known to have been source of
threat to lives and property. Outside the campuses, a lot of ritual killings
are taking place. (Aluede 2000).
The
impact of drug abuse among Nigerian youth’s bankrupt, decadent and wasted
generation and loss of our societal values and ideals. The situation now
appears to be such that no one can claim ignorance of what is happening. We
cannot suit on the fence and criminally pretend on the menace of drug abuse
among out young people.
Little wonder, then that the former UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan once said “Drugs
are tearing apart our societies, spawning crime, spreading diseases such as
aids and killing our youths and future”.
1.2
STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM
In most Nigerian dailies, different
opinions over the effect of drug abuse among students are expressed in
different kinds of articles as “Drug Abuse”, “Drug Misuse”, Drug Addiction”
etc, without empirical evidence to support the claims. It would not be scientific
to accept these opinions.
There is need therefore to conduct a
study on the effect of drug abuse or misuse of drug among students. The failure
of the students to recognize that drug addiction is symptomatic of an
underlined psychiatric disorder or psychological conflict has led to the
continuous drug taking.
1.3
HYPOTHESES
1.
Does
drug abuse among students and youths caused by family background friendship and
per group association?
2.
Does
drug abuse among students used for psychological purposes like, tension
relieving, intensifying perception and so on?
3.
Does
drug abuse cause health hazard which can led to death?
4.
Do
parents and teachers have any role to play?
1.4
PURPOSE
OF STUDY
This work is an attempt to study the
effect of drug abuse among school children and the role of parents and teachers
using children of western boys secondary school Ikpoba Hill and Idia College
all in Benin city, Edo state as a case study. This research finding may apply
to other primary and post primary institutions in Nigeria. Purpose of this
study therefore is to determine the existing finding of other studies like
mine.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE
OF STUDY
This study is not only important to
the two schools under study but to the state in particular and Nigeria in
general.
The study is significant especially
this period of our national life when the federal government is talking of
re-branding, “Nigeria”, Great People Great Nation! There is no better way to start
the rebranding than from children of school age. This stidy is also important
in our society.
1.6
SCOPE
OF STUDY
This study was carried out in two
post primary institutions in Benin City, Edo state. They are as follows:
Idia College, Iyaro Benin City and
Western Boys Secondary School, Oreegbeni, Benin City.
1.7
Methodology
This study is designed to collect
useful information through both primary and secondary methods of data
collection.
The researcher used structured
questionnaire and comparative analysis on other works in form of text of
similar topics.
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