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INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL BACKGROUND ON THE ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN
ABSTRACT
This project was designed to research into the
influence of home background on the academic performance of children in
selected schools in Edo State. In doing this, three research questions were
stated and some basic assumptions made. A sample of one hundred students was
drawn out of three selected schools; the research instrument used was the
questionnaires while the data analysis involved the use of the research
questions.
CHAPER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Over the
years, the nation has been experiencing a drastic fall in the academic
performance of pupils and students at the various level of education.
Scholars of different school of though has attributed this ugly trend to many
factor such as poor teaching methodology, inadequate instructional facilities
and a lot more from the look of things, these scholars seems to heap the blames
either on the student or the teachers who most times are not actually the
immediate causes.
However, a
chose observation reveals that this trend has an undeniable relationship with
one parental background in terms of their socio-economic status. Only
recently the president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria president Olusegun
Obasenjo in his monthly presidential media chat, held in October 2003, cried
out in regards to the poor academic situation terms that our----'' graduates
are fast becoming more of half baked graduated---'' what a mess.
Meanwhile,
as this scenario continues to thrive, many more meaningful individuals both
from the academic and non-academic field of the society not only shares
their grievances they also point accusing fingers towards the teachers and the
students. They give little or no attention to the student's socio-economic
background, which from act appearances seem to be one fundamental cause of poor
academic performance in school.
We have it
on records that a child spends more time at home with his or her parents than
he or she spends in school. This makes the home of greater influence in
this regard. Little or no wonder it is said ''charity begins at home''
Be that as
it may, we cannot over labour the fact that poor performance of a country's
citizens at various level of education has a way of tarnishing or beautifying
that countries image.
Considering
the magnitude of this problem, it therefore becomes very expedient that this
project be carried out as it is hoped that it will help in savaging the problem
or situation as it were, to a very reasonable extent.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
It is
almost becoming a common and accepted knowledge those poor performances of
student in our school is due to the inadequacies of teachers or student
non-challant attitude to study. This is purely a wrong assumption that
needs an investigation as we cannot afford to loss sight of the drastic effect
that ones parental background have on the academic performance of the child.
It is in
cognisance of this that the following questions become very important.
1.
What role does the socio-economic position of parent's play in the
academic performance of the child?
2.
To what extent does the level of education of parents affect the
academic performance of pupils
3.
Is there any relationship between living condition at home and academic
performance of pupils?
4.
How does the family structure in terms of monogamy, polygamy and size
affect the academic achievement of student
5.
How far does the attitude of parents and guidance affect the academic
performance of students?
PURPOSE OF STUDY
The purpose
of this study are one to establish the affects that ones parental background
poses on the academic performance of the child.
And two to
suggest possible solutions on how student from poor homes can get along in
their educational pursuit.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
researcher work shall be of up most significance to three (3) categories of
persons.
(1) Curriculum/Educational
planners
(2) Teachers
(3) And of course parent/guidance
it will be significant to curriculum or educational planners in that it will
help them in planning adequately for students from different homes.
In the same vein, it will enable the
teachers to know that students are not solely responsible for their poor
performance thereby creating an avenue for the teacher to come to grips with
some of the impact that parents background poses avail the teacher the
opportunity to design a corrective measure which if adhered to, would spur both
the teachers and pupils to greater academic achievement.
Over and
above all, this study will serve as a challenge to parents to improving the
conditions of the home thereby propelling their child (pupil) to greater
heights.
SCOPE OF STUDY
This study
was carried out in some selected secondary schools in Local Government of
Edo State. These schools does include.
1.
Igbanke grammer school Igbanke
2.
Oligie mixed secondary school
3.
Igbanke
4.
Ogan Mixed Secondary School Ogan
5.
Owah Secondary School Oweh
The investigation covered S.S.S 1-3
using at least ten (10) student randomly selected from each of the classes in
the different schools so selected.
More so,
some homes in Orhionmwon were also visited.
BASIC ASSUMPTIONS
In order
for the researcher to proffer solutions to the problem under investigation, the
following assumptions were made.
That:
One, the
level of education of parent affects the academic performance of students.
Two, the
socio-economic position of parents plays a dominant role in the academic
performance of the child.
Three,
there is an undeniable relationship between living condition at home and the
academic performance of students.
Four, the
family structure in terms of monogamy, polygamy and size generally, affects the
academic achievement of students.
Lastly, the
attitude of parents and guidance affects the academic performance of students.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
All the terms
used throughout the study was used in their denotative and general meaning and
as such would not need any ''special definition''.
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