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MANPOWER TRAINING AS
AN AID TO MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
ABSTRACT
This research work is focused on
manpower training as an aid to management in business enterprises using four
firms as a case study.
It has been observed that a major problem confronting organizations in this
present dispensation is the fact that productivity of workers is low. In
order to improve on the productivity of workers and their efficiency, they need
to be properly trained and utilized for the purpose which they serve.
This therefore calls for proper training of employees for this objectives is
likely to be achieved as nothing can be demoralizing to a worker as when he
believes that he has been unduly rated below expectation and cannot serve his
purpose.
In order to address this problem squarely, research questions were formulated
and hypothesis drawn. Various research instruments were used in the process.
Questionnaires were administered to all
the workers (sample size). Similarly, documentary sources were also used
in the data collection process.
The data collected was analyzed with
the aid of the research questions and hypothesis which gave rise to certain
findings.
Conclusion was drawn and
recommendations were made based on the information gathered and data analyzed.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page
Abstract
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1 background
of the study
1.2
Statement of the problem
1.3
Purpose of the study
1.4
Scope of the study
1.5
Research questions
1.6
Research hypothesis
1.7
Limitations of the study
1.8
Definition of terms
References
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Review of related literature
2.1 concept of
manpower training
2.2
Problems of manpower training
2.3
Aims of manpower training
2.4
Manpower training programmes
2.5
Performance appraisal
2.6
Concept of manpower training
2.7
Problems of manpower training
Reference
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0
Research design and methodology
3.1 research
design
3.2
Area of the study
3.3
Population of the study
3.4
Sample and sampling technique
3.5
Instrument for data collection
3.6
Validity of instrument
3.7
Reliability of instrument
3.8
Method of data collection
3.9
Method of data analysis
References
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Presentation and analysis of data
4.1 data
analysis
4.2
Testing of hypothesis
4.3
Summary of results
Reference
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.0
Discussion of results / findings
5.1 Summary of
findings
5.2
Conclusion
5.3
Implications of research findings
5.4
Recommendations
5.5
Suggestions for further research
Bibliography
Appendices
Questionnaire sample
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria like most other developing
countries has had her fair share of the problems of training. One of the
areas in which problem have been posed comes as the main focus of this
work. ‘The manpower sector’
Simply defined manpower is the basic
resource of any productive process. It combines all other factors of
production to produce goods and serves which are beneficial to mankind.
Nwachukwu (1982 : 14) recounted
Kuznet’s assertion that
“The
major capital stock of any industrially advanced nation is not its physical
equipment rather, it is the body of knowledge collected from tested findings
discoveries, empirical science and the capacity and training of its population
to use its knowledge”.
Ojo et al (1986 : 41) also stated the
words of the late American president John F. kennedy in his first manpower report
as follows:
“Manpower
is the basic resource. It is the indispensable means of converting other
resources to mankind’s uses and benefit. Howe well we develop and employ
human skills is fundamental in deciding how much we achieve as a nation.
The manpower in which we do so moreover with profoundly determine the kind of
nation we become”.
The inability of any third world
country to achieve full industrialization can be attributed to problems of
manpower training. The process of manpower training in Nigeria has been
surrounded by numerous difficulties which makes it almost impossible for
industries to perform satisfactorily.
The area of manpower training being the
proper use of workforce has also been posed with crucial problems. These
problems can also be looked at as manpower training problems as manpower
training is an integral part of manpower development.
A one-time secretary general of the
United Nations Mr. U. Thant in his report the third (3rd) session of
UNESCO in 1967 listed some problem areas thus
i.
Matching existing skills with effective demand for skills
ii.
Use of skills required
iii.
Popular participation in training
iv.
Increased involvement in the economy by certain potentially productive groups
in the population.
v.
Loss of skilled persons through temporary or permanent emigration.
Occurrence of the above listed problems
are very minimal in more advanced countries unlike in third world countries
where here exist high levels of unemployment, loss of skilled personnel through
emigration and so many other problems arising from the ineffective training of
manpower.
All these problem constitute part of
the barriers between third world countries and industrialization. Coming
down to the organizational level, the problems are largely similar but only
differ in scope. Organizational problems are a lot narrower in scope than
national problems.
However, in business organizations,
manpower is an important factor that enables the organization grows which make
sit more necessary to develop and utilize manpower. In other words
manpower training plays an important role in the growth of business
organizations.
In the course of this study, we shall
try to investigate the causes of problems in a number of selected business
firms. Solutions and recommendation will be given s to how best the
alleviate these problems based on the findings.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
From the foregoing,
it can be said that growth and productivity of any organization is largely
dependent on human perormance. However due to the dynamic nature of our
society, new technologies come up everyday and old ones become obsolete.
This is particularly true of Nigerian business organizations who have to keep
up with every day changes in technology.
These organizations
are faced with a problem in effectively developing manpower to keep up with the
continually rising pace of development. Also encompassed here is the
problem of using already available skilled and semi-skilled manpower to achieve
optimal result. All these the workers’ strive for self and career
development and thus the productivity of the organizations. Since
countries become more advanced economically and technologically, they become
more vulnerable to under motivated workers and managers social values are
shifted away from work as the most important thing in town towards a balanced
view of self development, family development and career development.
In a nutshell, the
inability of organizations to effectively develop and utilize the human
resources available to them has reduced to a great extent, its ability to
adhere its objectives. This is the problem that this research sets out to
tackle.
1.3
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study is being carried out to
achieve a number of objectives of which are:
i.
To identify the factors that hinders the effective manpower training.
ii.
To examine the extent to which these factor affect the performance of workers
in business organizations
iii.
To determine if workers are sent for training in line with new technology.
iv.
To ascertain the level of workers sent on training
v.
To find out whether they are fully utilized after the training course.
1.4
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study deals with the problems
facing business organizations in the aspect of manpower training. The
study covers business business firms only in Rivers State.
There is no doubt that the restriction
will affect the generalization of the findings of this study but it is hoped
that the sample size is wide enough to draw conclusions.
1.5
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In pursuit of the research purpose of
this study, the following questions have been formulated.
i.
Is there any relationship between manpower training and organizational
performance?
ii.
Of what importance is manpower in the production process?
iii.
To what extent is its importance appreciated by the entrepreneur?
iv.
To what extent is effective manpower training likely to enhance productivity of
organizations?
v.
Are workers sent for internal and external training and development courses?
vi.
Are they properly utilized after training?
1.6
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The significance of this study is one
that is of great importance and will be of benefit to the following groups:
i.
Management: It will help management in handling its persistent
manpower problems. It will also contribute to the knowledge as well as
assisting the management of any firm to take informed decisions.
ii.
Employers: This study will make it possible for employers help their
employees increase their performance.
iii.
Employers: The increased performance of employees will lead to
higher reward and good pay.
iv.
The Society: Increased productivity will lead to circulation of
enough food to the nation making it a better place to live in.
v.
Other researchers: This group stands to benefit from this research
work as some of them may review this study in the course of their own
researchers.
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