SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF INCREASING AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES (A STUDY OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN ANAMBRA STATE)
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC
IMPORTANCE OF INCREASING AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES OF
COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES
(A
STUDY OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN ANAMBRA STATE)
ABSTRACT
The research works on
the “socio-economic importance of increasing agricultural output through the
activities of cooperative societies” a case study of selected agricultural
cooperatives in Anambra state. The study was carried out to survey the past
programmes and policies constituted by government to mobilize peasant farmers
into agricultural cooperatives and check the functionality of the existing
ones, as a way of facilitating the attainment of self-sufficiency in
agricultural output. The challenges inhibiting achievement
of the objective of these agricultural cooperatives and how it affects
agricultural cooperatives in Anambra state was indentified. These challenges
included use of crude and primitive method of farming implements, poor
member-education and inadequate public awareness of cooperative potential,
inadequate storage facilities and marketing outlets, individualism among
Nigerian unwillingness to pool resources and work together and excessive
control by the government who develops initiatives and direction the society
would go. Finally, to curtail all these challenges,
improved and adequate co-ordination has to be put into consideration between
the state and local government authorities, political and policy instability
and inconsistency should be avoided and there should be adequately trained
personnel.
TABLE OF CONTENTES
Title
Abstract
Table of Contents
Chapter One
1.0
Introduction
1.1 Background
of the study
1.2 Statement
of the study
1.3 objectives
of the study
1.4 Research
Hypothesis
1.5
Significance of the
study
1.6 Scope and
limitation of the study
1.7 Definition
of
Terms
Chapter Two
Literature
Review
2.0 The Concept
of Agriculture and cooperative
2.1 Importance
of Agricultural Cooperative
2.2 Problem of
Agriculture Cooperatives
2.3 The Importance of
Farmers Cooperative Society
2.4 Government
Policies and Programmes
2.5 Types and
Organizatioanl Forms of Agriculture
Chapter Three
3.0 Research
Design and Methodology
3.1 Population
of
study
3.2
Determination of Sample Size
3.3 Sources of
Data
3.4 Research
Instrument
3.5 Instrument
for Data Analysis
Chapter Four
4.0
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
4.1
Presentation of Data
4.2 Analysis of
Data
Chapter Five
5.1 Summary of
Findings
5.2
Recommendations
5.3 Conclusion
Bibliography
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Agriculture
is the bedrock of any nation’s economy. However, the dilapidating state of
Nigeria’s agricultural sector and its consequences on the socio-economic
development of the nation’s economy had given rise to this research work.
Thinking along this path, the need to look into the sector and address the
issue of poor performance gave rise to the establishment of agricultural
cooperative societies to increase agricultural cooperatives societies to
increase agricultural output. This is because agricultural cooperative have a
large number of labour force in the rural area, who have contributed in the
production of food crops, raw materials for industries and as a means of
foreign exchange.
In the 60s, Anambra state economy had mono-sectorial dependency on agriculture
as the main source of earning and employment for the ever teeming population.
In the 70s, there was s shift from agricultural produce to non-agricultural
sector. The state is still peasantised with a larger number
of people involved in smalls-scale production and there had been no significant
agrarian modernization and revolution. Subsistence agricultural is still been
practiced which its output is not enough to feed the population, let alone
provide raw materials for our agro based industries.
Exportation of the state’s cash crops which in the past has supported the
economy has virtually reduced. This has been blamed on negligence and poor
performance of the farmer’s agricultural cooperative societies. And at such
there was urgent need to revitalize the sector, owing to its importance in
improving agricultural output in the country.
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
The
government had been making efforts to improve agriculture in Nigeria both at
the state and federal levels. However, there still goods scarcity in the
country. Population is more rapid than agricultural growth and this has
seriously reduced the benefits of increased food production and the associated
increase in income.
As a result of this, many people in the country still without food,
irrespective of the strategic position of agriculture in the state economy and
the huge allocate made out to importation of food items. Thus a need to come up
with a solution through proper diagnosis of the problems confronting the sector.
This resulted in the bringing together these peasant farmers under cooperative
societies with a view of improving agricultural production, increase income
earning and self-sufficient in good items.
Prior to the discovering of crude oil in Nigeria, there were cash crops like
groundnut, cocoa and rubber, cultivated in large quantities which were exported
to Europe and America in the pre 60s. The incursion of military government in
Nigeria politics had equally contributed to the poor state of the sector and
even with transition to democracy, the country is yet t regain her position in
the agricultural market. The administration of president Olusegun Obasanjo has
watered the ground to empower Nigerian farmers and agro-allied investors to
harness the country’s rich resources in producing food and raw materials for
industries and export by ensuring banks and other extension services like
making available fertilizers, pesticides, planting technologies etc at
subsidies rate.
Working in hand with the farmers is the Nigerian export promotion council which
assists in finding buyers of cash crops produced. Land was equally provided at
reasonable term for large scale farming.
Government equally encouraged foreign agriculture investors which has yielded a
remarkable result for instance the southern African countries have found
Nigeria at home to start off operations to produce. The
agricultural initiative of the Obasanjo administration saw to the restriction
of some food importation thereby encouraging our local farmers to compete in
the international market.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF THE
PROBLEM
Nigerian government had embarked on various programmes and policies involving
hundreds of millions of naira, aimed at reviving the ailing agricultural
sector. This gave rise to the organization of small scale farmers into
agricultural cooperatives societies in order to meet the demand of the growing
population. However, these efforts and the cooperative societies have failed in
achieving this objective which has made the nation rely heavily on importation
and deterioration of the agricultural sector and the industries. Thus, this
research aims at examining the need to improve the activities of the
cooperative societies with a view to increasing agricultural output to enhance
the socio-economic development of the nation.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
The main purpose/objective of this project is to undertake a study of the
existing farmers cooperative development of agriculture.
The study has the following specific objectives
(a)
To examine the organizational set up and operations of the farmers’ cooperative
movement in Anambra state with a particular reference to selected cooperative
societies I the state.
(b)
To examine the impact of farmers cooperative societies to agricultural
output.
(c)
To investigate the problems confronting farmers cooperative societies.
(d)
To suggest pragmatic ways and means of enhancing the effectiveness of these
societies.
1.4
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
i. What is the organizational set up
and operations of farmer’s cooperative movement in Anambra state?
ii. What is the impact of farmer’s
cooperative societies on agricultural output in Nigeria?
iii.
What are the problems confronting agricultural cooperative societies in
Nigeria?
iv.
How can these problems facing agricultural cooperative societies be tackled in
other to enhance the effectiveness of these cooperative societies in Nigeria?
1.5 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
For
agricultural cooperative societies to attain high service and huge surplus,
there must be an adequate assistance from the government, educated cooperators
and committee members and adherence to cooperatives principles, law and rules
in their activities. The full success of agricultural
cooperative societies will depend on the extend of assistance received from the
government and the level of commitment the members show to the society and
their activities as well. Hence, collectivity will go along way rather than
individualism in the achievement of self sufficiency in food production.
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Agriculture is so important in order to sustain any economy. This is because
the benefits of agriculture especially to most developing nations cannot be
over emphasized. However, the system of agriculture in Nigeria society is more
of subsistence than commercial. This role of organizing individual farmer’s
into a larger umbrella to increase their output, if they must attain economic
and social goals and freedom the nation’s economy. Equally, through this
research study, the government will be better informed of the challenges
confronting the agricultural cooperative societies in a bid to proper solution
that would enhance efficiency.
Through this research work, farmers cooperative societies would be educated as
well as enlightened on the benefits they stand to gain from their activities in
terms of profits maximization, increased income and the assistance the
government is willing to offer them such as extending credit facilities to
them, education on farming techniques, provision of farm items, such as
fertilizers, at a cheaper price than they would have obtained outside of the
societies.
Finally it would also be of benefit to students who wish to go into
agricultural business in the near future to take advantage of cooperative
societies in order to excel and compete in the international markets across the
globe.
1.8 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Most of the terms used in this research work are register of cooperative
societies which may be unfamiliar to the readers. At such there was need to
define them for clearly understanding of the study.
Agricultural
productivity: This is the index of the ratio
of the value of the
total farm output to the value of total inputs used in production.
Farm Management:
the application of farming with
science and
technology to the solution of the day to day problems facing farmers.
Agriculture:
can be broadly defined as the art and
science of production
of plants and animals that are of benefits to man.
Cooperative Society:
this is a form of organization
where people
voluntarily associate together as human beings on the basis of equality for the
promotion of their economic and social interests.
Production Promotion
Cooperative: This is cooperative
by integration. The
farmers depend on the society for their production activities. There is a
strong link between the cooperative and its members in the area of management,
credit and decision making.
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