THE CAUSES OF RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION AMONG SCHOOL LEAVERS IN EDO STATE: A CASE STUDY OF EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
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THE CAUSES OF
RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION AMONG SCHOOL LEAVERS IN EDO STATE: A CASE STUDY OF EGOR
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
The purpose, which this research was
carried out is to find out the problem causing rural-urban migration among
school learners: a case study of Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. to
achieve the laid down objective, the researcher carried out an investigation by
designing questionnaires for the people in the area of study. The data
collected from the project in the locality were analyzed accordingly. The study
ended with finding out the problem causing the rural-urban migration in Egor
Local Government Area of Edo State in participation. This project work also
covers recommendation on how problems of rural-urban migration can be
overcome.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1
Background
of the study
1.2
Statement
of problem
1.3
Objectives
of the study
1.4
Research
questions
1.5
Significance
of the study
1.6
Scope
of the study
1.7
Limitation
of the study
CHAPTER
TWO
Literature Review
2.1
The reasons or causes of rural-urban migration written by different writers in
different views.
2.2
Factors responsible for rural-urban migration regard to Egor Local Government
Area, Edo State
2.3
Effects on rural-urban migration
2.4
Measures to stem/curb rural-urban drift
CHAPTER
THREE
Methodology
3.1
Research design
3.2
Population of the study
3.3
Sample size of the study
3.4
Method of data collection
3.5
method of data analysis
CHAPTER
FOUR
Data
presentation and analysis
4.1
Data presentation
4.2
Data analysis
CHAPTER
FIVE
Summary
of findings, Conclusion, and recommendations
5.1
Summary of findings
5.2
Conclusion
5.3
Recommendation
Bibliography
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Migration
simply means the physical movement by humans from one area to another,
sometimes over long distance or in large groups. Historically, this movement
was noticed among the nomadic and this often cause significant conflict with
indigenous population and their displacement or cultural assimilation. Only a
few nomadic people have retained this farm of life styles in modern times,
migration has continued under the form of both voluntary ,migration within
one’s region, country, or beyond and involuntary migration, which includes the
slave trade, trafficking of human beings and ethnic leashing. People who
migrate into a territory are called immigrants, while at the departure point,
they are emigrants. Small populations migrating to develop a territory
considered void of settlement depending on historical setting, circumstances
and perspective are referred to as settlers or colonist, while populations
displaced by immigration and colonization are called refugees. The rest of this
article will cover sense of a “change of residence”, rather than the temporary
migrations of travel tourism, pilgrimages, or the commute.
According to
international organization for migration, the term migrant was usually
understood to cover all cases where the decision to migrate was taken freely by
the individual concerned for reasons of “personal convenience” and without
intervention of an external compelling factor, it therefore applied to persons,
and family members, moving from one country to another country or region to
better their materials or social conditions and improve the prospect for
themselves or their family.
Migration
appeared to modern men in stages which was due to mans mobility, hunting for
animals, food and moving from place to place in search for favourable climate
and safety from wide animals in the jungles. The above factors coupled with
area with social amenities might have been the causes of the evolution of
migration. Some theorist on migration are Sjaasted (1962), Todare (1969),
Marries (1970), are leading exponents of economic theoretical model of
migration decision making. Sjaasted’s model contents that people will move with
the net present income than the net cost. Todare (1969) suggested that
migration will continue as long as rural income level is low. Both Tadare
(1969) and marries (1970) presented a two sector model of the dynamic model of
employment in urban sector, which stresses three factors of migration namely:
1.
The
most migrants move in search of better life and income earning opportunities.
2.
The
migrants nationally take into consideration their chances of securing a job at
destination.
3.
That
migrant will continues to move as long as income and job opportunities appear
better in places other than their place of origin.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The project work therefore concern itself with specially gathering information
that will offer solution to the following problems:
1.
Does
lack of infrastructural amenities affects the welfare of the rural dwellers?
2.
Does
the provision of social amenities bring about any meaningful development in the
rural sectors?
3.
Does
the breakdown of some of the amenities disturb the economic and social life of
the people?
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objective of the study is to:
1.
Find
out the general causes of migration from Egor Local Government Area to another
towns or cities.
2.
Investigate
how rural-urban migration has affected the interaction of the people in
other towns and cities including Egor Local Government Area.
3.
Recommended
strategies for checking rural urban migration.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.
Does
migration caused by lack of employment?
2.
Does
absence of social amenities in the area is a major factor that causes
rural-urban migration in Egor Local Government Area?
3.
Does
migration caused by lack of higher institution in the areas?
4.
Does
lack of recreational facilities causes rural urban migration.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It has been stated that research must contribute to knowledge to make it work
well. This is why it is necessary to state very clearly and concise form to
envisage importance or contribution of the research. The significance of the
study would help the youth and entire society to know the negative and positive
effects on rural-urban migration and how to found a solution to the problems.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The effect of the migration of the people to other places and suggested
strategies to be adopted to check rural-urban migration (Egor Local Government
Area).
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