THE COMMUNITY PARTICIPANT IN FINANCING PRIMARY EDUCATION, A CASE STUDY OF OVIA SOUTH WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENIN CITY
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THE COMMUNITY
PARTICIPANT IN FINANCING PRIMARY EDUCATION, A CASE STUDY OF OVIA SOUTH WEST
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENIN CITY
ABSTRACT
The
success of my educational system is a collective responsibility of every
component of the system in service to the organization, the successes of
Nigeria primary education is hinged in cooperation between individual, parents,
community and government, the position of primary education is very imperative
and today the local community has bluntly refused to cooperate and participate
in the financing the crucial level of education but leave it at the mercy of
the government. It is in the predicament that this study is designed to
investigate the extent of the community participation in the south west local
government area of edo state. It is in this search light that structure
questionnaire twenty items was designed especially on area of focus and administered
on a number of people in randomly selected in the area of study.
How
the finding are revealed that:
1.
Primary
school in Nigeria is not properly financed as government is the only major
source of finance.
2.
Local
communities do not cooperate with the government in financing the crucial level
of education since the whole system in confronted with insufficient fund.
Moreover, the investigation is of the opinion that;
a.
There
is urgent need for joint participation of local community’s voluntary agencies
and individual for effective performance and management of primary education in
Nigeria.
b.
Government
should therefore seek for alternative source of finding primary education as
try to evolve a participation policy in finding education in
Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter one
Background of study
Statement of problem
Research question
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Scope of the study
Limitation of the study
Definition of terms
Chapter two
Review of related literature
Indigenous education and community participation
Primary school and community participation
During the colonial period
Primary schools management under the new dispensation
Problem of primary education in Nigeria
Prospect of primary education in Nigeria
Conclusion
Chapter three
Methodology
Research design
Population and sampling research and sampling
Research instrument
Method of data administration collection
Method of data analysis
Chapter four
Data analysis
Discussion of finding
Chapter five
Summary, conclusion and recommendation
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
Suggestion for further study
Reference
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
There
is gainsaying the fact that education is very vital to the peace of socials,
political and economic development of any nation. This is why most nations of
the world strive to devote a sizeable proportion of their cross national income
into developing the educational sector.
According to world bank (2002) in Nigeria between 7.6% and 7.9% of our annual
expenditure is devoted to education” management of primary education refer to
the process of planning, directing, staffing, coordinating, budgeting for
reporting our primary education system.
Primary education in Nigeria refers to the education which children receive
from the age of 6 years to 11 years plus. It the foundation level of the
educational system which runs for six years and it is aimed at developing basic
literacy numeracy, communication skills and transmission of the culture of the
people to younger generation.
The
federal government of Nigeria has taken the responsibility of financing
education in Nigeria alone, it has dissolved other source of finance and latter
have them seen education as a national duty to be perform. However, community,
individual and organization in the financing of education but this is not true
in the real sense since government have taken over primary schools completely from
voluntary agencies embarking on a laudable programme such as U.P.E and carryout
the wages in school alone without a slighted resources other source.
Although this government hold step was highly appreciated. It did not last long
as a result of the economic recession brought about by deprecation of oil price
in the world market government do not find it simple to bring in community to
participate in financing education and the financial aspect of education is one
of the major problem facing educational development in Nigeria.
Before now, education in Nigeria has passed through some seting stage of
development before the advent of formal education. Nigeria use to have
indigenous system of education which involves the participation which involves
the participation of all members of the communities. The western kind of
education was introduction an country this education was welcome by the local
communities because it create room for their participation of the local
communities hence the members of the missions. When government assured the full
control of education responsibility, all alone with financing it with oil money
the participation of local communities were not encouraged and this enhance
distortion to the entire educations system.
But
note, before this assumption of schools by the government, the voluntary
agencies such as Christian, Muslim and other organization were these
responsible for education. The communities were not left out their effort in
participating for the financing of education, some events beyond construction
of schools, staff rooms for the teachers. A case in point is that of Iguogun
primary school Iguogun in Ovia South West Local Government Area of Edo State.
Where communities did participate in the construction of school and even the
staff rooms for the teachers.
The
efforts were focus towards government of education in these days before the
take over by the government. But now the area of government expenditure is
widened and the economic of the nation is in state of paralysis. In their
regard the strength of government to provide the necessary schools materials is
weak, now the government sick for alternative of sharing the responsibilities
with other source of income.
Sincerely speaking, there is no head hidden in the fact that Nigeria schools
are below standard of normancy in view of scarcity of resource to finance their
schools and its facility are out of use and irregular payment of teacher
salaries. It the predicament that government transformed the funding and
administration of primary education to local government has generated a lot of
difficulties in the educational sector because; the local government could not
afford to shoulder this responsibilities of primary schools. Primary education
is left unconcerned for since federal government couldn’t make authentic policy
statement about whose responsibility is it to handle this important level of
education and this has been the problem since till date.
Now,
the primary education is been handle by the federal government but things are
not done in a normal ways, this research therefore set act to analysis the
community participation in primary school administration in Ovia South West
Local Government.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In
the time past, analysis has shown that primary education is in a great
predicament in Nigerian because of the ability of the federal government to
seek for alternative source of founding education especially from the local
communities, voluntary organization, individuals and philanthropists even
though it has been ascertain that government alone cannot provide necessary or
required materials. This has infant thrown the teaching and leaning situation
in primary school into a sad condition were unrest in this order of the day.
Ovia
South West Local Government has part of this larger society (Nigeria) has her
own share of their problem, and even presents a complex and peculiar situations
for instance the teachers salaries are not pay regularly, the teaching and
learning situation are jeopardized, the materials needed for teaching are not
available, the school building are out dated (dilapidated) and the management
of primary school in a state of confusion due to lack of participation of the
communities in the financing of primary school system.
Education serve as a major role or therefore necessary for the communities to
contribute or rather participate adequately in the financing of primary schools
especially at the level of the primary schools education as the bedrock on
which the progress or failure of the whole nation hope on.
RESEARCH QUESTION
The
following are to be answered extensively as they will throw more light on the
extent while primary education can be encouraged in Nigeria as a whole of Ovia
South West in particular:
1.
Does
availability of instructional materials and other classroom essential
facilities have any effect on the standard of primary education in Nigeria
today?
2.
To
what extent will communities’ participation in funding primary education help
in improving education of our pupils?
3.
To
what extent can the joint participation between the government and local
communities enhance primary school?
4.
To
what extent will community involvement enhance the management of primary
schools facilities and funds?
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The
research work is purposefully set out to investigate analysis and examine the
point in which community participation in financing education in Ovia South
West Local Government Area. It is a wide open and clear that the financial
burden of the primary education in Nigeria at large, Ovia South West precisely
cannot be over look and it cannot be left for the local government alone or
else the primary education will decay and then the entire nation will
collapses.
Also,
the study will also help to correct the following standard of primary education
y encouraging and challenging both individual, voluntary agencies and local government/communities
to reconsider response to pounding basic facilities and adequate financial and
adequate financial predicament.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
need for education in our society and nation at large cannot be over emphasized
because it make the people easy read but difficulties to rive, easy to govern
but impossible to sustain throughout this research work we shall no the extent
to which the people of the land have satisfied the extent to which the people
of the land have satisfied the above statement.
Again
Ovia South West Local Government has no record about its literacy of
educational programme. Therefore it is important to carry out these types of
study as it will be useful to educational planners and organizers of the
various educational programmes of local government in particular.
The
greatest problem that our education programmes have been experiencing till
today is lack of sufficient fund to carry out educational programmes already
planned activities.
Then
what shall we do to remedy this highly situation? This research work will
suggest adequate solution which will be of interest to those concerned with
education development plans.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study is geared towards investigating the role of
community participation in financing primary Education. Mean while this
impediment of communities not participating in this financing of primary
education can be observed throughout the state and country at large however
this research work is specked to primary schools in Ovia South west Local
Government and it is restricted to some village under Ovia South West Local
government area of Edo state known as Iguobazuwa, Umaza and Iguogun presidely.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Below is the definition of some key
terms used in this study.
(1)
Community: A group of people living together and share common interest.
Community in this passage referred to different towns and villages in ovia
south west local government area.
(2)
Primary Education: This beginning of rearing of our offspring in a formal
setting to the need of the community. It is an institution of rudiments of
knowledge but in this study primary Education especially include the public
schools owned by the government.
(3)
Financing: It is the involvement of people or community sharing idea in items
of labour or finance for enhancing proper management and development.
(4)
Participation: It is the involvement of people or community sharing idea terms
available in labour, finance and human
Resource for
enhancing proper management and development
(5)
Community
development. this means the development of this
Democratic participation which
enable the people to cooperation and embrace the spirit of self-help in the
execution
Of programme related to their
development.
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