THE EFFECTS OF STRESS ON THE JOB PERFORMANCE OF WORKERS: A CASE STUDY OF COLLEGE OF EDUCATION EKIADOLOR-BENIN
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THE
EFFECTS OF STRESS ON THE JOB PERFORMANCE OF WORKERS: A CASE STUDY OF COLLEGE OF
EDUCATION
EKIADOLOR-BENIN
ABSTRACT
This study looks at the effects of
stress on the job performance of workers, source of stress and the strategies
by which the effect of stress can be reduced among staffs of the college of
education, Ekiadolor. The objective was to show the relationship between stress
and performance. Information for the study was obtaining using the structured
questionnaires with about 20 items. Some of the items were measures of role
conflict, role over load, ambiguity and other sources of work stress. The data
collected were coded, analysed through the use of simple percentage, the
analyzes were carried out to facilitate discussions of the research questions.
Some of the finding including; that stress will always lead to poor job
performance in college of education, Ekiadolor, That the major source of stress
in college of education, Ekiadolor include organizational factors such as role
over load, ambiguity, conflict etc. That management had not put in place
programmes to combines of stress. The implication of the findings is important
in terms of the cost of both the employee and the management. To the
management, it results in low rate of employee turnover and to the employees,
physical and mental damages. Management must therefore, improve on stress
coping amenities in the institution. This can be done through the provision of
facilities for recreation among workers.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter one: introduction
=
Background of the study
Statement of the problems
Purpose of the study
Research question
Research methodology
Significance of the study
Scope and limitation of study
Definition of terms
Chapter two: review of literature=
Introduction
Definition of stress
Stressors
Effects of stress
·
Stress and health
·
Stress and job dissatisfaction
·
Stress and absenteeism
·
Strategies for managing stress
Chapter three=
Research methodology
Introduction
Data gathering instrumentation
Questionnaire instrumentation
Population
Sampling techniques
Validity of instrument
Problems of data collection
Analysis of data
Chapter
four
=
Data presentation and analysis
Chapter
five
=
Finding, conclusion and suggestions for
further studies
Finding
Discussion of finding
Implications of the findings
Conclusion
Suggestion for further studies
Reference
=
Questionnaire =
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
In this study we are going to look at
what harm or good stress has done to workers and their performances in any
establishment or organization.
It is a common
feature that people as individual or group interact with their environment
these experiences are carried into the organizations, which may help to
increase or bring about decline in their productivity and performances.
Stress has generated
a great deal of interest in recent years. It has been a great concern to
employees who experience it and to researchers.
To most people,
stress is bad must be avoided, but this position is not always true. According
to Yates (1979), stress in proper amounts is a necessary ingredient in any
person whose life is going to manifest vitality. Stress is to be managed and
not simply avoided. Thus, this study is designed to look into the effect of
stress on workers performance in any organization with a case study of College
of Education, Ekiadolor-Benin. Ivancevish Matterson 1980 pointed out that to
say stress produced performance degradation is rather a simplistic over stated
position thus there must be on optimum level of stress that is tolerated to
bring about performance. This standpoint makes stress a complex concept that
does not lead itself to a simple definition. Mc Garth (1976) defined stress in
terms of conditions necessary for it as follows;
It is a potential for
stress when environmental situation is perceived as presenting a demand that
threatens to exceed the persons’ capabilities where he expects to substantial
deferential in towards and costs from meeting the demand versus not meeting it.
Signs of stress are
wide spread among the teaching staff i.e. lectures which are the academic
staffs, the senior non teaching staffs i.e. principal officers and the junior
non teaching staffs today in the college. And so are the adverse effects of
stress on their well being health and even the safety of their co-workers.
Some negative effects
of stress are increased absenteeism, heart disease, lateness to work and
ill-health. The issue at hand is to find out the effects of stress on perform
these effects could either be positive or negative.
Work stress can have both positive and
negative consequences on the individual, thus having stress to work peak
efficiency can create satisfaction a sense of well being and accomplishment and
other reward for success. But on the other hand, excessive stress at work can
result loss of efficiency, failure to perform well and negative effects on
mental and physical health.
Stress is caused by
some factors (stressors), which exist both within and without the organization.
These stressors can be identified as intra-individual, inter-individual
organizational and extra organizational stressors.
In this regards, the
present study seeks at finding causes, symptoms and effects and the
relationship that exist between job stress and employees performance and
finally to recommend stress coping strategies to management by using the
employees of college of education Ekiadolor as a case study.
STATEMENT
OF PROBLEMS
Gibsin, Ivancevich and Donnelly (1955)
defined stress as an adaptive response mediated by individual differences and
psychological process, that is a consequence of any external (environmental)
action, situation or physical demand on person.
It can be gathered from the above, that
due to individual differences and different adaptive capabilities, factors that
would causes stress often differ among individual.
Some common factors have however been
identified as sources of work related stress, some of these are;
1.
Role overload
2.
Irregular work hours (Saturdays)
3.
Lightening condition
4.
Lack of autonomy
5.
Role conflict
6.
Organization structure etc
Another problems that needed be looked
into is how can stress be recognized in an employee currently experiencing it,
what are the symptoms of stress? Thus, this study aims at finding the sources,
symptoms and effects of stress. Stress that would not hinder performance would
also be another area of focus of this study.
PURPOSE OF
STUDY
The purpose of carrying out this study
is follows;
i.
To identify the possible sources and problems symptoms of stress experienced by
college of education, Ekiadolor staffs
ii.
To determine the effect of stress employees performances in college of
education, Ekiadolor
iii.
To show that stress as an experience is not limited to any category of
employees
iv.
to make appropriate recommendation on how stress can be managed based on the
findings on the study.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research question would
be tested in this study;
a.
Does stress recast lead to poor job performance in college of education,
Ekiadolor
b.
Does organizational factor (role over load and role conflict) not lead to
stress in the college?
c.
Do irregular payments of salaries lead to stress in college of education,.
Ekiadolor?
d.
Do extra working hours lead to stress in college of education, Ekiadolor?
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In carrying out this study, the
researcher relied heavily on information collected from primary and secondary
sources of information. This includes journals, magazines, newspaper, books and
interview from the various respondents.
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This study is of a great importance to
the college an as institution. It would afford the college an opportunity to
elicit from its staffs highest possible level of performances by balancing the
amount of stress employees experience while carrying out their tasks.
This study, also intends to the
notice or awareness of the college. Those reactions to stress vary from
individual and thus, afford the institution an insight into how much stress an
individual can effectively handle.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
In this study, which is the affect of
stress on workers performance, there is two terms these are (stress and
performance).
A.
STRESS: Is defined as an adaptive response, mediated by individual differences
or psychological proceeds that is consequence of any external (environment)
action, situation or even that places excessive psychological and physical
demand on a person.
B.
PERFORMANCE: Is being viewed as an activity in which an individual is able to
accomplish successfully the task, goal assigned to him subject to the normal constraint
of the reasonable utilization of the available resources.
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