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THE FACTOR INFLUENCING DRUG ABUSE
AMONG STUDENTS IN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION EKIADOLOR EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
This research work is geared to identify the
factors that influences the effect of drug abuse among student, College of
Education Ekiadolor was used as a case study, in the process questionnaire were
administered to guide the data through interview method to case modern case and
trend of drug abuse, the findings rate of the study revealed that the high rate
of drug abuse is as a result of low standard of living and Nigeria economic
crunch and high rate of separation in marriage, child abuse and neglect.
Recommendations were given, which is employed will help in a big way towards
the reduction of deviances behavior amongst youth.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter One:
Introduction
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Scope of study
Limitation
Definition of terms
Chapter Two:
Review of Related Literature
Origin of drug use and abuse
Reasons for drug abuse
Scope of drug and classification
Drug commonly abused
Adolescent involvement in drug use and abuse
The social problems of drug and abuse
Chapter Three
Population
Sample
Sampling procedure
Research instrument
Administration of data
Method of data analysis
Analysis of data
Chapter Four
Presentation, analysis and discussion of result
Chapter Five
Summary
Recommendation
Conclusion
References
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Drug is any chemical substance derived from plants, animals or mineral
resources, be it traditional or orthodox which is used for internal application
to the human body in the treatment of diseases, reduce pain or modify the
functions of the various system of the body.
Although drug use has been in, for years, the problem of drug abuse has been on
the increase in the recent years.
Drug is supposed to be dispersed by pharmacists with a doctor’s prescription
and usage of drug can be through any of the following; injection, insertion,
inhalation, massaging or application on open wounds and cuts. The main purpose
of drugs should in reality be directed to its medical functions and it should
be used strictly according to the prescription of medical doctors, but in most
cases people use drug without the prescription of medical practice. This is
referred to as drug abuse. In some cases, these drugs are used wrongly or
misused that is using drug meant for certain purposes for other purposes rather
than what it is meant for. There are other cases where some people get
themselves involved in the use of a particular drug so much that they cannot do
without such drug. In this case such a person is said to be addicted to that
drug.
PEOPLE ABUSE DRUG FOR DIFFERENT
REASONS
1.
For
modification of tension and anxiety: For example sedatives;
medically, sedatives are use to induce sleep and relax tension. They are used
for people with high blood pressure insomnia that is inability to sleep usually
abuse sedatives. Now teenage girls and women are consuming sedative more and
more frequently.
2.
To
increase activities and alertness: For example stimulant like
cocaine, caferreine and amplietamines are mostly widely abused stimulant among
youths. Usually stimulants are taken through by mouth in form of capsules or
tablets but the occasional user of capsules or tablets can push him/her self
beyond his normal physiological limits e.g. wanting to step awake to drive to
excel in an athletic content or to cram for examination.
3.
Curiosity:
Students find themselves in the use of drugs out of curiosity. They want to
know how it looks like in being on a certain drugs and drugs that are commonly
used out of curiosity are cigarettes, marijuana and alcohol.
4.
Imitation: Students
takes drugs as a result of imitation of either from their parents, other adult
or their friends.
5.
For
boldness: Students take certain drug because they feel it
will remove inhibition from them and make them bold e.g. shy young boys under
the influence of drugs can speak to a girl they he could not have made advance
towards.
6.
For fun: Others
go into drugs for the fun of it and that also feel that drug can enable the
have a lot of fun.
FOUR GROUPS OF DRUG USERS ARE
GENERALLY IDENTIFIED AND THESE ARE:
1.
Emotionally
well adjusted individuals who take addicting drugs on medical advice for
treatment of pain, sleeplessness and the like after protected use they find that
they cannot get along without them.
2.
the
neurotics who turn to drug because drugs makes them forget their feelings of
inadequacy and fear making them feel better and more normal either physically,
mentally or both. These contribute to longest group of drug abusers.
3.
The
psychopaths who take drugs in a deliberate search for thrills highs and kicks.
4.
Individual
usually adolescent who try drugs in order to be accepted by their peer group.
Most of these young ones usually
start from this group and if the habit is continued grave consequences may
follow. Trying a relatively less detrimental drug such as cannabis may expose
the young one to other drugs like heroine, cocaine and morphine.
Man has used drug and substances
of centuries. There is evidence that man has used drug practically since his
emergence. Historical records show that man used drug to cast out demons which
were thought to be causing pain in his body. The use of psychoactive
drugs may be seen to be a universal phenomenon existing in one form or the
other. Alcohol and kolanuts are used during worship of ancestral gods,
marriages and funeral ceremonies.
According to Emaifo {1988} drug
addiction was unknown in Nigeria until the arrival of the American Peace Corps.
This statement cannot be entirely true because Nigerians were already abusing
and getting themselves addicted to kolanuts and alcohol before the arrival of
the Peace Corps. The statement can only be true of foreign drugs which were
introduced this time.
Scientist and historians traced
the origin of tobacco to North America where it was first cultivated by
American Indians before the Europeans went to the new world in 1492 when
Christopher Columbus discovered there.
It should be noted that when
drugs are mentioned, the emphasis is always on orthodox medicine and not
traditional medicine. The history of drug use and abuse will be incomplete if
no mention is made about traditional use of drug and abuse. Most traditional
drugs are always misused or abused because of lack of dosage to determine the
required quantity by the user. The expiration period of such drugs are never
stated.
Although the use of traditional
drugs as well as alcohol and kola nut has been abuse before the arrival of
Peace Corps. In recent years where there is the usage of both traditional and
foreign drugs people now being used. Some of these drugs are socially accepted
and members of the public ignorantly use them without really knowing the great
effect of such drugs. E.g. alcohol has always been part of the heritage either
as part of rituals or other ceremonies. The use of alcohol to relax and promote
social conversation is greatly use of alcohol and its social acceptability,
alcohol is capable of producing severe dependence and damage to physical health
and mental health including social and economic damage on self, family and
society.
Caffeine which is the main
ingredient in tea or coffee and nicotine as in tobacco or cigarette are widely
used as mid stimulants and tension relieving drugs, they are considered
socially acceptable and used recreationally how ever, they produce dependence
and are able to cause harm.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Drug abuse amongst secondary school students constitutes a vital public health,
responsibility that must be tackled in any given community. It is one of the
causes of juvenile delinquency in the society today.
The problem of caused by the abuse of drug by secondary school students which
is to be looked at in this study are as follows:
1.
Mental
health problem the mental health condition of secondary school students who use
hard drugs like alcohol marijuana or cocaine to make them feel high and bold.
2.
High rate
of crime existing among secondary school students as a result of drug abuse.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of undertaking this study is principally educative. The study
will specially investigate the following:
i.
To find
out the reason why student of College of Education Ekiadolor in the study areas
abuse drugs.
ii.
To find
out the effect of the abuse of drug on students of College of Education
Ekiadolor.
iii.
To find
out influence of peer group on student of College of Education Ekiadolor as
regards drug abuse.
iv.
To find
out how parents and family background contribute to drug abuse problems.
v.
To find
out influence of the society on students as regards drug abuse.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.
There is
a significant effect of drug abuse on student family background.
2.
Students
who do not participate in drug abuse have better knowledge of standard tan the
participated ones.
3.
There is
significant effect of drug abuse on students peer groups.
4.
Drug
abuse amongst students is due to their socio-economic background. There is no
significant difference in the academic performance of students who indulge in
drug abuse.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study is going to be a great
importance to the secondary school students in particular parents and guardians
and the society at large, it will also serve as reading test to members of the
public who want to gain more or have a deeper knowledge on drug abuse in
schools.
This
study will be of great importance to secondary school students especially to
those students in limited study area in Benin City. It will enable the students
see the dangers involved in drug abuse this will go along way to help these
students who are already in one way or the other abusing drug to reconsider
their ways as such offer solutions to their problems of drug abuse to those who
not yet in the act of abusing drugs, it will help to enlighten or educate them
on the bad effect of drug abuse. The study will also help to educate parents on
the effect of drug. It will also help them to see that they don’t become victim
of drug abuse. This study will help to create the awareness of the need for
proper education of their students on the bad effect of drug abuse and how the
use of drug can affect them physically mentally and psychologically and the
negative effects this can have on the educational career and life in general.
This study will help the
government handle abuse as an illness and not as a crime and as treatment under
medical supervision, instead of the hard judgment meant for them. Units will
advice the government through the drug inspection unit (DIU) of the ministry of
health to set up rehabilitation centre to help reform drug addicts to become
useful members of the society.
SCOPE OF STUDY
The study is concerned with the effect of parent’s academic performance at
school in the primary and junior secondary final examination in this project
work intent which parents academic background affect the child performance. The
study will be centred on some selected secondary school in Isoko south local
government area of delta state and the subjects of study are students of senior
secondary schools.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
In this study, there are certain words that need to be simplified or defined
ion order to make its meaning clearer.
i.
Drugs: Drug is
any chemical substance that is derived from plants and animals or mineral
resources be it traditional or orthodox which is used for internal or external
application to the human body in the treatment of diseases or to induce clam,
reduce pains or modify the functions of the various system of the body.
ii.
Substance:
Substance are chemical combination of drugs in order words drug made up of
combination of chemical substance and substance can as well be refer to as
those build up charge like alcohol, tobacco, cigarette and kolanuts.
iii.
Drug use: Drug use
is the ingestion, injection or the application of any substances which when
taken in into the body of living organism may modify one or more of its
function, this includes not only medical also intended primarily active substance.
iv.
Drug
misuse: Is the over zealous or indiscrete administration
of drugs by using drug meant for certain purposes for another purpose rather
than what it is meant for.
v.
Drug
addiction: Drug addiction is the dependence on a substance
with the presence of physical withdrawal symptoms.
vi.
Psychoactive
drugs: This is defined as in alternating drugs.
vii.
Habitualism: This is
the dependence on a substance without the presence of physical; withdrawal
phenomena. Thus it is the psychological desire to repeat the use of these
drugs, continuously for emotional reasons.
viii.
Dependence: It is a
state of psychological or physical need to both resulting from the interaction
between an organism and a substance resulting from continuously or periodic use
which is characterized by behavioural deviation.
ix.
Tolerance: Is
defined as the situate ion when the same amount of substance can no longer
produce the effects and the individual than needs higher amount to produce the
same effects.
x.
Withdrawal: Is the
situation when unpleasant sensation such as shaking, seating tremors,
frightening feelings and some times hallucination and delusions occurs when the
drug is stopped.
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