THE IMPACT OF COOPERATIVE FARMING SOCIETIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN EDO STATE: A CASE STUDY OF OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
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THE
IMPACT OF COOPERATIVE FARMING SOCIETIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN
EDO STATE: A CASE STUDY OF OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
ABSTRACT
The study focuses on
the impact of cooperative societies on agricultural production in the rural
setting of Edo state. Results obtained from the interview shows that credit
disburse to the farmers constitute serious administrative problem which is
hindering the effectiveness of the scheme. The loans applied for and the amount
approved and disbursed to the farmers are not enough to move, so there are no
through supervision on the part of the official of the co-operative and the
ministry of agriculture. Recommendation we made on how to solve these problems
in the existing farmer’s co-operative societies. It was revealed that
most of the respondents (80%) have made use of loan from one co-operative
society or the other and also the access to loan and farming equipments has not
been encouraging. To this effects some of the recommendation made was;
I.
There should be a roaster or writing policy on the acquisition of loan and
farming equipment so as the foster the accessibility to loan by the members.
II.
There should be no bias in giving out of loans to members.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
1.2 Statement of the
Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Significance of the
Study
1.5 Scope of
the Study
1.6 limitation of the Study
1.7 Definition of
terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
CHAPTER
THREE
Methodology
Design
of the study
Population
Sampling
Sampling
Techniques
Method
of Data Collection
Method
of Data Analysis
CHAPTER
FOUR
Presentation
and Analysis of Data
Data
Presentation
Data
analysis
CHAPTER
FIVE
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
REFERENCE
QUESTIONNAIRES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In developing countries as in the case of Nigeria, Agriculture dominates the
nation’s economy. It has been established that about to percent of Nigeria
population is engaged in agriculture (Obasi and Aug, 2000) while 90 percent of
Nigeria total food production comes from small farms and to percent of the
country population earn their living from these small farms (Oluwatayo et al,
2008). The recent importation of food items into the country to make up for the
short falls in food supply Is a dangerous indication of warning farm
productivity and warning sign that if the nation continue with the business as
usual, the prospect of food security will be black for millions of people
(Nwede 2003)
It terms employment agriculture is by far the most importance sector of
Nigeria’s economy engaging about 70% of the labour force. Agricultural holding
are generally small and scattered, family is often of the subsistence variety
characterized by simple tools and shifting cultivation. These small farms produce
about 80% of the total foods. About 30.7 million hectares (76 million acres) or
33% of Nigeria land area are under cultivation. Nigeria’s diverse climate from
the tropical area of the coast the arid zone of the North, make it possible to
produce virtually all agricultural products that can grown in the tropical and
semitropical area of the world the economic benefit of large scale agriculture
are recognized, and the government favors the formation of cooperative
societies and settlements to encourage industrial agricultural. Large scale
agriculture, however, is not common.
Despite an abundant water supply a favorable climate and wide area or arable
land, productivity is restricted owing to low soil fertility in many areas and
inefficient method of cultivation agriculture. Contributed 32% to GPD in 2001
It’s
widely recognized that co-operative form an indispensable component. Through
community organization co-operative serves the basis and plant form for bring
together the economically weak member of the society with a view of enhancing
their individual capacities (Akali, 1991). The contributions of cooperative to
the economy especially in the developing countries are enormous, ranging from
provision of credit to its members and sourcing of inputs at reasonable price
to scale of member produce (Okonkwuo, 1991). Cooperative are defined as “an
autonomous association of persons who unite voluntarily to meet their common
economic and social needs and aspiration through a jointly owned and democratically
controlled enterprise. (ICA, 1995) cooperative are established by like-minded
persons to pursue mutually beneficial economic interest. Researcher are of the
opinion that under normal circumstance, cooperative play significant role in
the provision of service that enhance agricultural development.
Patrick,
(1995) described cooperative as a medium, through which services like provision
of farm input, farm implements, farm mechanization agricultural. Loans
agricultural extension member education, marketing of member farm produce and
other economic activities and services rendered to members regular and optimal
performance of these roles will accelerate the transformation of agriculture
and rural economic development. Ijere (1981) further explained that. It is the
cooperative that embraces all types of farmers and a well organized and
supportive cooperative is a pillar of strength for agriculture in
Nigeria.
Ogunbameru
(1986) also estimated that 52% of Nigerians population is women and that 70% of
such women live in rural area. It is also on record (Adebayo and Amao, 2003)
that 53% of the poor in Nigeria are women. In the rural areas a large number of
women are illiterate, very poor, have high rate of infection and are
economically oppressed (Essien, 2000) observed that only small fraction of
woman in Nigeria had the benefit of higher education and that the majority is
engaged in petty trading and peasantry farming. Despite the low educational and
poor economic background of Nigeria women they are still responsible for more
than half of the nations food basket and contribute more than two third of the
working hours on the farm (Barret et al, 2001). They also reported that AFRICAN
Women are responsible for 66% of micro processing activities, especially the
processing of agricultural produce.
In
Nigeria, agricultural production is dominated by small-scale farmers most whom
live in rural areas. Crops and animals are produced on scattered farm holding.
Most of the farmers operate without modern production input. Their marketing
system is unorganized with each farmer acting individually to produce farm
inputs and to sell farm produce. Cooperative societies enable people to achieve
through joint efforts what they are unable to achieve while working as
individuals. They are legally established organization on the basis of specific
set of principles cooperatives activities is one of the best method by which
peasant farmer can take part in their own economic advancement and gain
valuable experience of democratic produce and business management. Akinwumi
(1978). They are association of persons who have voluntarily come together to
achieve common objective through the formation of a democratically controlled
organization, making equitable contributions to the capital required and
accepting fair share of the risk and benefit of the undertaking (World Bank,
1999, Ebonyi and Jimo, 2002).
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Cooperative has been regarded as one of the main institutional machineries for
empowering the economically weak member of the society. With this official
recognition and the determination of government (at all levels) to transform
agricultural production and raise the standard of living in the rural areas
many agricultural cooperative societies have been formed all over the country.
Despite the efforts or contribution made by the cooperative societies towards
agricultural development in Nigeria, this effort has not been evenly known and
it was in an attempt to address such problem that this study was designed.
1.3
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.
Determine farmer’s extent of participation in cooperative societies.
2. Determine
the benefits derived by respondents by being member of various cooperative
societies.
3. Determine
major problems militating against the participation of farmer in cooperative
activities.
4. Make policy
recommendation based on the funding
1.4 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
Based on the nature of the problems aforementioned, hypothesis testing as a
measure will assist immensely in carrying out the research to a logical
conclusion because of the statistical testability of the problems formulated.
Hypothesis is an assumption or
statement which may or may not be true concerning the population. Walpole
(1974). Hence, the hypothesis of this research is considered as tentative
statement, which would be considered positive or negative at the end of the
research presentation.
i.
f0: Agricultural organization operate in ignorant
of the existence of cooperative socie5ties.
ii.
f0: The objectives, Programme, and agricultural strategies of cooperative
societies are not recognized and accepted by agricultural organizations.
F1: the objectives, programme and agricultural strategies of cooperative
societies are recognized and accepted by agricultural organizations.
iii.
f0: Cooperative societies have not contributed positively to agricultural
activities.
f1: Cooperative societies have contributed positively to agricultural
activities.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is embarking upon to determine the impact of cooperative societies
on agricultural production in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State knowing
the contribution of the impact of cooperative societies will encourage farmers
and enlightened on the important of this society. This study will also revealed
the solutions to the problem militating against the participation of farm in
cooperative activities in the study area.
1.6 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The
studies will emphasis the importance of cooperative societies in financing
farmers in rural setting of Edo State.
1.8 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Agriculture:
This is the process of producing food, feed, and fiber by cultivation of
certain plant and the raising of domesticated animal. It is a general term per
productive activities like growing as crops raising of animal (including
poultry) fishing and forestry
Cooperative: This
can be defined as an autonomous association of person who write voluntarily to
meet their common economic and social needs and aspiration through a jointly
owned and democratically controlled enterprise.
Society: People
in general living together in communities or a particular community of people
who shared the same customs, laws etc.
Community: This is
the people who live in a particular country etc when talked about a group or a
group of people who share the same religion.
Development: This is
complete term that in many different ideas. But most simply development, when
taking about countries means reaching an acceptable standard of living for all
the people developed countries are not necessarily rich countries and all rich
countries are not necessarily developed.
Economic: This is
the realized social system of production, exchange, distribution and
consumption of goods and services of a country or the areas.
Organization: This is
a group of people who is form a business, club etc or together in order to
achieve a particular aim or the act of making arrangement or preparations for
something.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): This is
a measure of all of the services and goods produced in a country over a
specific period, classically a year.
GDP:
Consumption gross investment + government + export – import or GDP =
C+I+G+(X=-M).
Peasant: This is
an agricultural workers with roots in the country side in which they dwell,
either working for other or more specifically owing or renting and working by
his or her own labour a small plot of ground.
Arable: This is
a land suitable for growing crops.
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