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THE INFLUENCE OF FATHER’S
OCCUPATION ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN EDO STATE:
A CASE STUDY OF SOME PUBLIC
SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OVIA NORTH EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE.
ABSTRACT
This research will be conducted
to evaluate how economic background affects students’ performance in Economics
in Ovia north east local government area of Edo state. The following research
questions were formulated for the study:
1. Does the economic status of
parents affect the educational performance of students?
2. Does parent’s educational
status affect the educational performance of their children?
3. Does the family size affect
the student’s educational performance?
4. Does lack of educational
facilities influence the educational performance of students?
Four secondary schools will be
surveyed. Students interviewed were mostly from low economic status parents
with low educational background. It was found from the study that the education
and income of parents affect students’ performance that the availability of
educational facilities has no effect on students’ performance while that of
family size has a positive relationship with students’ performance. The factors
responsible for these relationships were discussed. Some recommendations and
suggestions for further research were made in the last chapter.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
ONE
Introduction
Background of study
Statement of the problem
Research questions
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
The scope of the study
Limitations
Definition of terms
CHAPTER
TWO
Review of related literature
CHAPTER THREE
Methodology
Population
Sample
Instrumentation
Administration and collection of questionnaires
Analysis of data
CHAPTER FOUR
Analysis of data, interpretation and discussion of
results
Research question one
Research question two
Research question three
Research question four
Summary of findings
CHAPTER
FIVE
Summary, discussion of findings and conclusion, recommendation
and suggestions for further research
Discussion of findings
Conclusion
Recommendation for further research
BIBLIOGRAPHY
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The academic performance of
students in economics in secondary school these days has been attributed to
many family factors. Many people including the sociologists and philosophers
have carried out a number of resources into those factors that hinder or
enhance students’ performance in Economics. They include poor quality of
teaching, irregular attendance at school, emotional attitude of the child to
school and school subjects, defective physical conditions which are manifested
in poor hearing, bad vision, impediment of speech, the environment and the society
as well as the occupation of the father of the student among other related
factors. The raging friction between the school as to which of the two is in
fact responsible for the poor or good performance of student in economic
examination has enabled the researcher to take a cursory look at the influence
of fathers occupation on the academic performance of student in area of Edo
state is chosen as a case study.
The study is rooted in the theory that there is need for a close cooperation
between is need for a close cooperation between the home and the school for an
understanding of the learning problem of children.
The society has apparently decided for better or worse to educate it children
outside the home in separate, self contained, single purpose establishments.
Having lived of education from here in this way, to go on and discuss the way
they influence each other could be a matter of for they can be resolved most at
the root of all discussion about teacher parent relation. There was a time when
a parents rarely entered school except to assault looking school master.
Teachers on their part, were supposed to be quality of showing no interest in
the home to which their pupils belonged. However, nowadays there is undoubtedly
a considerable upsurge of interest in the relationship between home and school,
and a trend towards ensuring this interest various formal organization and
system in many schools have presents teacher organization, many areas have
action groups of one sort to another, you have the national confederation of
parents teacher association and the advisory centre for education, all of whom
are very much concerned with home school links for the purpose of educational
achievement of children.
Similarly, it has been accepted that learning can occur in many different
settings in the home and play ground, for example as well as in the classroom.
Every child brings with him into the class room all his ear, her home training
and experience, a kind of internal environment that makes him an environmental
factors of considerable significance to others. A learning environment is
therefore more than that which can be measured in the students immediate
physical surrounding, it includes everything inside and outside the space the
child occupies which in any way affects his behavior during a particular
learning routine. Economic background characteristics associated with academic
performance and intelligence can be divided into two status variable high
economic status and low economic status. Both status are determined by the
level of education, occupation, and income in the society. These variables
though interesting, tell little about how their effects are mediated to child
and into process variables, such as achievement process of parents, home
language models, academic home guidance and social participation of family.
It is believed that the level of education determines income and occupation of
the individual. This in turn determines the persons’ status. But this is not so
again because of his health. So because of this variance, the researchers will
look at the relationship between academic performance and these variables. The
size of the family will not be left out in the research as one of the
variables. Though social class is most often used as a child economic
background variable in Western European societies and north America, it is
rather difficult, if not impossible at this stage to use the social class
variable in the developing countries of Asia. Africa and Nigeria in particular
in the same way as it is used in Western European countries. Two reasons can be
suggested for this, firstly, there has not been any attempt to classify
occupations in these developing countries.
Secondly, and perhaps the most important reasons is that the social system of
the extended family in these developing countries would make social class based
on occupation meaningless for instance a man in a developing country in a good
job with a very small salary per annum, may not afford to live a middle class
family probably because a lot of people depend on his single salary for their
existence so because of this, the size of the family will be looked at as one
variable. The different kinds of family-polygamous and monogamous will not be
in this research.
The highlight of what will be found in each chapter is as follows: the first
chapter deals with the statement of problems and relevant research questions
are formulated while the second chapter deals with critical reviews of
important literature on the subject. This exercise is seen as a guide to reveal
the variables that have been found to be important as well as the gaps in the
previous studies on the determinant of performance of individuals. It also
enabled the researcher as well as the useful hypothesis, which emerged from
their works. An examination of the literature also helped in the formulations
of the research problems. Third chapter discuses the various methods which have
been employed in collecting the data including the operationalization of the
concepts and the descriptive statistics. The fourth chapter deals with the
analysis of the data collected. The findings from these analyses are also
explained and interpreted with the context of the theoretical framework. The
works end with chapter five the conclusion which summarizes what had been done
in the survival for further research and then the gaps in the study that can be
filled by other research are also pointed out.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Today, teachers are often blame
for the low academic performance of students without actually finding out other
related factors that can contribute to the students problems as far as ac
academic is concerned, most parents are quick to point accusing fingers at both
the child and his teacher. Should the whole problems be entirely heaped on
teachers who always want the best for their pupils? One would like to find out
the justifications the parents have for blaming the teachers as regard the low
performance of students in their academics. The truth is that the foundation of
the child’s socialization is laid at home. Also children spend more time at
home than in school. Many factors associated with the family could have
actually contributed to the high or low performance of students with the
economic as one of them. The class strata in our society based on economic
ground have become a common phenomena. There is an equal distribution of wealth
among citizens. Thus there arise the educated and the illiterate poverty
stricken masses. The study therefore considered the influence of those
stratified classes on student’s academic performance. In order words, the study
is focused upon how the academic performance of students can be influenced by
the family economic status. The following research questions are posed by the
researcher.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. Does the economic status of parents affect the
educational performance of students?
2. Does parent’s educational status affect the
educational performance of their children?
3. Does the family size affect the student’s
educational performance?
4. Does lack of educational facilities influence
the educational performance of students?
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose is to identify the
influence of father’s occupation on the academic performance of students in
selected public secondary schools. It is designed to compare the level
of academic performance of students from different occupation of the father.
The study will give an insight into how and why some students perform better
than others.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study is designed to find out
the influence of occupation inequality on student’s performance in some
selected public secondary school in Ovia North East Local Government area of
Edo state. The study will be of significant help to educate on how to handle
students from different economic strata so as to increase performance.
It will also enable school administrators to see the need for providing books,
newspapers and magazines in the school library knowing fully well that some
students may not have opportunity in their house. The study will also help the
teacher in adjusting his or her method for effective teaching to accommodate
every student.
THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study will be used in some
selected public secondary schools in Ovia north east local government area of
Edo state for the purpose of convenience. The area being a semi-urban was
chosen so as to involve children from various home backgrounds. The five
schools SSS 2 students were used for the study, the study will only lower the
economic aspect like the parents children in the family.
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