THE ROLE OF SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT IN ENUGU STATE (A CASE STUDY OF AWGU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ENUGU STATE)
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THE
ROLE OF SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT IN ENUGU STATE
(A
CASE STUDY OF AWGU LOCAL GOVERNMENT
AREA
OF ENUGU STATE)
ABSTRACT
The
reason for this study is to determine how to reduce unemployment through the
Role of small scale industries in Awgu local government area of Enugu State,
which can he managed using small capital. This problem has been a hindrance to
the development of Awgu local government area and Enugu State as a whole. Apart
from inflation, unemployment is one of the economic problem that can threaten
social stability in a country. The role was very high. The high unemployment
means that the economy is showing down output by failing to put it’s people to
work. If employment is provided to the generality of the people it will enhance
the growth and standard of living of the people.From the findings, respondents
have had the research that small scale business might not fully help the
situation, since lots of people or few do not find it easy engaging into small
scale business due to lack of experience, lack of skill, etc. some people are
afraid of the risk involved in establishing it. Recommendation were based on
findings, government should provide a school were all initiators of small scale
industries go for managerial training before and after establishing it.
Proprietors should always require the service of management consultants for
other proper management. All the small scale business owners should be made to
employ other worker when they have grown as one of the criteria for reducing
the rate of unemployment.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the
Study
1.2
Statement of the
Problem
1.3
Purpose of the
Study
1.4
Research
Question
1.5
Signification of the
study
1.6
Scope of the
study
1.7
Limitation of the
study
1.8
Definition of terms
Reference
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
2.1 Early history of
Management
2.2 The Evolution of
Management
Through
2.3 Definition and
Function of Management
2.4 Personnel
Management Policy in Management
2.5 The employment
selection
process
2.6 Job interview
Defined
2.7 Summary of
literature Review
Reference
CHAPTER
THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research
Design
3.2
Area of
Study
3.3
Population of the
study
3.4
Sample And Sampling
Procedures
3.5
Instrument for data collection
3.6
Validation of the
Instrument
3.7
Reliability of the
Instrument
3.8
Method of
Collection
3.9
Methods of Data
Analysis
Reference
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND
ANALYSIS
4.1
Presentation
Analysis
4.2
Summary of
Findings
Reference
CHAPTER FIVE
DISSUSION,
RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
5.1
Discussion of Result
5.2
Implication of Research
Findings
5.3
Conclusions
5.4
Suggestion for Further
Findings
5.5
Recommendations
Reference
Bibliography
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment is the most savage cause of
poverty and disadvantages in our community. It is the cause of enormous
personal and financial hardship for hundred of thousands of people and their
families.
This Oxford advanced learners dictionary defined unemployment as the number of
people without paid jobs that is the state of being without a paid jobs over a
period of time. It is a state of not engaging in economic activities, being
without work for a certain period of time, when one is able and willing to
work.
Apart from inflation, unemployment is one of the economic problems that can
threaten social stability in a country. It has created a lot of social problem
to the society presently in Nigeria, it has become unmanageable problem to
those who are able and willing to work.
In the early 1960’s, more than quarter of the Nigerian labour force was
unemployed. In particular regions and occupants, the unemployment rate was very
much higher. High unemployment means that the economy is showing away output by
failing to put up people to work. It also means misery, social unrest and
hopelessness for the unemployed.
By the 1980’s not only was it that the cost of unemployment might have been
over stated in addition, government in Nigeria began to perceive an even area
danger to economic and social instability, the danger of higher and rising
inflation on this note, by the end of 1980’s Nigerian government has embarked
on fighting monetary and fiscal policies to try and keep inflation under
control.
Unemployment was high during the Nigeria civil war in 1957-1960 which caused
damages in the cause of many Nigerians up till date.
Currently unemployment in Nigeria has created a lot of damages in peoples life,
especially the youths (Graduates) precisely in Agwu local government area.
The total number of people seeking for job are much more than the available
vacancies. This being the kind of situation the economist call “deficiency of
demand”, that means, the overall demand for goods and services with the
available wage rates and labour productivity is not enough to generate jobs for
all those who are willing to work.
If employment is provided to the generality of the people, it enhances the
growth and standard of living of the people. A paid job is a very important
aspect of every individual life, it is useful for the sustenance, maintenance,
nature and image retainment of one’s personality. This shows the reason why
some unemployed see their lives as meaningless and hopeless. An unemployed
person is prone to being a frustrated armed robber, murderer and many atimes
commit suicide, etc.
It is in recognition of the fact that each regime in this country be it the
military or civilian designed its own different programme to alleviate the
problems of unemployment and improve live of it’s citizens. Some of these
programmes includes: National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP), Structural
Adjustment Programme (SAP), Family Economic Advancement Programme (FEAP),
Co-operative Societies, National Directorate of Employment (NDE), among others.
Of all these programmes, it has being recognized that the role and establishment
and structural of small scale industries has helped so much in the development
of the economy of a country.
According to Stanley Blue et al (1990), the employment rate is percentage
labour who are without a job but are registered as being willing and available
for work. Any person who is doing paid work for at least one hour is not
considered to be unemployed.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A
dozen years of labour in the “vineyard” of small scale industries, failure
convinces one that the integrating and application of the environment oriented
management theories has been too long neglected. This project, the role of
small scale industries in reducing unemployment in Enugu state is a step in the
right direction.
To this end, we have chosen, as the main problem of this work to identify the
nature, weakness and limitation inherent in the management of small scale
industries in Nigeria in the area of reducing unemployment problem and am using
Awgu local government area as a case study.
1.3
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.
This research work intend to determine the various means by which funds are
been made available for the establishment of small scale industries in Awgu.
2.
This study also tends to find out if there are basic infrastructural
facilities like good roads, electricity, pipe borne water and security that
will go a long way in attracting investors from other places into Awgu in order
to patronize these small scale business.
3.
It is also targeted at sensitizing the general public in Awgu on the urgent
need to embark on the rapid establishment of small scale industries without
depending solely on government for imaginary white collar jobs.
4.
This study also seeks to discover if the prospective individuals who intend to
start up this small scale business are properly equipped with the necessary
skills to manage these industries.
5.
This research work also seeks to recommend to government and it’s agencies to
grant tax relief to upcoming small scale industries. This is geared towards
encouraging rapid productivity of small scale industries and making Awgu a
fertile ground for business opportunities.
1.4
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.
Has the small scale industry been clearly defined to the
understanding of the people in Awgu?
2.
Have the people who intend to start up small scaled industries in Awgu
been able to generate fund for the establishment?
3.
Is there basic infrastructural facilities that will give comfort to those who
are coming into Awgu to patronize small scale industries?
4.
Do the sensitization of the people in Awgu on the urgent needs to embark on the
establishment of small scale business helped them?
5.
Has the role and establishment of small scale industries helped in reducing
unemployment problem of the indigenes of Awgu local government area?
6.
Do the people who intend to start up this small scale business have the
necessary skills to properly manage the business?
7.
Do the government and its agencies intend granting tax relief to the up coming
small scale industries?
1.5
HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION
With reference to the study which is to remain on how the establishment of
small scale industries have influenced the unemployment problem in Awgu.
In this study, hypothesis claims will be used to prove authentically the
research question repose. Three hypothesis will be used in reducing it’s
hypothesis assumption.
1.
H0: Small scale industry has been dearly defined
to the understanding of the people in Awgu.
HI:
Small scale industry has not been dearly defined to the understanding of the
people in Awgu.
2.
BHI: The people who intend to start up small scale business in
Awgu could not generate fund for the establxishment.
3.
BBHI: There is no basic infrastructural facilities that will give
comfort to those that are coming into Awgu to patronize small business.
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research work on “reducing unemployment through the role and establishment
of small scale industries. A study of Awgu local government area of Enugu
state” will be useful to the government, unemployed, small scale industry
operators, banks, other researchers and the public as well.
In this manner, the importance of small scale industries will be appreciated
and used by all and sundries for the minimization of unemployment problem in
the state and beyond.
This will be seen in the following ways:
(a)
Creation of employment.
(b)
Manpower training
(c)
Contribution in local and regional development.
(d)
Waste utilization
(e)
Promotion of completion.
(f)
Encouraging and sustaining self-reliance.
1.7
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This work intend to cover only Awgu local government area and the level of
small scale growth for the eradication of unemployment.
1.8
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Unemployment:
This is the inability to find work although it is actively sought.
Theoretically the unemployed are those members of the active labour force who
are out of work. Although in most cases statistics are based on the numbers of
people claiming unemployment benefit. Unemployment has been a persistent
problem in industrial economics during recession over the last 200 years. The
following are types of unemployment.
1.
Hidden unemployment: This is the
unemployment that does not appear in government statistic. in addition to these
people there will be some who are doing very little productive work.
2.
Seasonal unemployment: This is the unemployment that occurs as a result of the
seasonal nature of some jobs the building trade. Trade for example employs more
people in the summer months than the winter months. A considerable amount of
agricultural work is seasonal.
Small
scale industries: Small
scale industries Act of 1953 defined a small scale industries as one that is
independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field of operation.
It also consists of enterprises with capital investment of over N1.5 million
but not more than N50 million excluding land but including working capital and
workforce range of 11-100.
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